Calculation method for the strength of tapered cylinders in heat network heaters
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Dear Haihao friends: I recently encountered a question while designing a heat exchanger, and I would like to invite everyone to discuss it together. As shown in the figure: This heat exchanger is a heating unit for heat networks; water flows through the tube side, while steam flows through the shell side, using the steam to heat the water in the tube side. Due to constraints such as limited space for the equipment, the shell side cylinder is designed as a tapered cylinder (large diameter 2100, small diameter 1800). When using SW6 for calculations, the following issues arise: (1) What diameter should be chosen for the cylinder? If a larger diameter tube sheet is selected, the thickness will increase; if a smaller diameter is chosen, the calculation for the cylinder body becomes unreasonable. (2) How is the calculation for this type of diameter-changing section carried out? With a conical head? Or a half-wave expansion joint?
Looking at this diagram, it seems that the half-wave expansion joint you mentioned is a more reliable option
I also looked up some literature, and it turns out that it is indeed designed using a half-wave expansion joint.
In my opinion, the calculation for the tube sheet is based on the smaller diameter, while the reinforcement for the openings is calculated using the larger diameter. Also, may I ask if there are any specific standards for half-wave expansion joints?