Temperature difference issue at the inlet and outlet of water-source heat pumps
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What are the maximum allowable temperature differences between the supply and return water at the inlet of a water-source heat pump, and at the outlet? What are the lowest and highest temperatures on the inlet side? What are the lowest and highest temperatures on the outlet side?
The temperature difference between the supply and return water at the inlet and outlet of a water-source heat pump depends on many factors, including the model of the heat pump, the operating environment, and water quality. Under normal circumstances, a temperature difference of around 2°C to 5°C between the supply and return water temperatures at the inlet and outlet of a water-source heat pump is quite common. The lowest temperature on the inlet side is generally the temperature of the water source, while the highest temperature depends on the operating mode and design parameters of the heat pump; for example, the maximum inlet temperature for common water-source heat pumps is around 30°C. The lowest temperature on the exhaust side also depends on the operating mode and design parameters of the heat pump; generally, this lowest temperature is about 10°C higher than the outdoor temperature. The maximum temperature depends on the heating capacity of the heat pump and its design parameters; the typical maximum outlet temperature for water-source heat pumps is around 55°C–60°C. .
It is recommended to consult the operating conditions instructions for the pump being used, as pumps come in various types; this is provided for reference only.