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Belt conveyors are modern automated devices, which rely on the development of automatic control systems, digital and networked controllers, as well as sensors to facilitate the transportation of various types of materials. A pipeline generally includes pulling elements, load-bearing components, driving devices, tensioning devices, direction-changing devices, and support components, among others. Belt conveyors can also be used to form spatial conveying lines, which are generally fixed. Belt conveyors are widely used due to their large conveying capacity, long transport distances, and the ability to carry out multiple processing operations simultaneously during transportation. The four main components of a belt conveyor are the drive unit, the braking unit, the braking unit again, and the direction-changing unit; we will provide a detailed introduction to each of them below. First is the drive mechanism, which is undoubtedly the most crucial part of the entire belt conveyor. As mentioned earlier, the working principle of a belt conveyor relies primarily on frictional force for transmission; the friction between the belt and the drum is generated by the motor and the reducer. The function of the drive device is to transmit frictional force to the conveyor belt, thereby affecting the transmission distance and direction. Common braking devices include roller check valves, belt-type check valves, and pad brakes, etc.; these can be added flexibly based on the actual needs of the user. Its main function is to prevent the conveyor belt of an inclined upward conveyor from moving in the opposite direction due to the weight of the cargo, which could cause the material to flow back. Therefore, we say that the braking device in belt conveyor systems is highly intelligent and particularly suitable for transporting materials at large inclines. Belt conveyors operate continuously and smoothly based on the principle of frictional drive. When purchasing a belt conveyor, customers will obtain a detailed understanding of its parameters in accordance with the production requirements of their respective enterprises. Belt width, conveying length, conveying speed, and conveying capacity are all closely related to the parameters of belt conveyors. Different parameters result in different production capacities for the equipment. Next, we will talk about the tensioning device, which is divided into horizontal tensioning and vertical tensioning. The function of the tensioning device is to maintain the necessary initial tension in the conveyor belt, preventing it from slipping on the drive drum, and to ensure that the sag of the conveyor belt remains within specified limits. This is also to ensure the balance and continuity of the transfer process. The fourth important component of a belt conveyor, which can be clearly seen in the images of belt conveyors, is a set of drums. Direction-changing devices are generally located at the rear of belt conveyors; by altering the angle, they help to reduce the conveying pressure on the belt. The angle of the direction-changing device is closely related to the drum diameter, and on-site adjustment is required according to specific conditions.