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What are the main standards for oil monitoring? GB/T 1995-1998 Method for determining the viscosity index of petroleum products – This standard specifies a method for calculating the viscosity index of lubricants and related substances based on their dynamic viscosities at 40°C and 100°C. GB/T 17476-1998 Methods for the determination of additive elements, worn metal and contaminants in used lubricating oils, and certain elements in base oils (inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry). This standard specifies the use of inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry to determine additive elements, worn metal and contaminants in used lubricating oils, as well as the contents of various selected metal elements in base oils or regenerated base oils. The elements measured include a total of 22 elements, namely aluminum, boron, barium, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, silicon, tin, silver, sulfur, titanium, vanadium, and zinc. GB/T 8926-2012 Method for determining insoluble matter in lubricating oils in use. This standard specifies two methods for determining n-pentane-insoluble matter and toluene-insoluble matter in lubricating oils that are in use. SH/T 0703-2001 Method for determining the apparent viscosity of lubricating oils under high temperature and high shear rates (multiple capillary viscometer method). This standard specifies the method for determining the high-temperature high-shear (HTHS) apparent viscosity of engine oils using a multiple capillary viscometer equipped with pressure, temperature, and timing sensors, under conditions of 150°C and a wall shear rate of 1.4x106 s-1. SH/T 0257-92 Qualitative Test Method for Water Content in Lubricating Oils. This standard specifies the method for qualitatively testing the water content in lubricating oils. This standard applies to lubricating oils. GB 511-88 Method for Determining Mechanical Impurities in Petroleum Products and Additives (Gravimetric Method) This standard specifies the method for determining mechanical impurities using gravimetry. This standard applies to petroleum products and additives. GB/T 6040-1985 General rules for infrared spectral analysis methods. This standard specifies the general rules for the qualitative or quantitative analysis of organic and inorganic substances using the absorption spectroscopy method with an infrared spectrometer.