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As an important component of conveying equipment, steel chain plate conveyors are certainly familiar to everyone. Steel chain plate conveyor, suitable for transporting objects with irregular shapes. Fitting tools and fixtures to the chain plate can also be used as a dedicated assembly conveyor line. Plate-shaped components are used to connect the two chains, creating a continuous flat surface in the conveying direction; thanks to its stable operation, this conveyor can handle loads of up to several dozen tons. The maximum effective width of the chain plate conveyor is 2 meters, the maximum length of a single unit is 70 meters, and the maximum conveying speed is 20 meters per minute. Such equipment uses large rollers and conveyor chains with a large pitch to transport items via chain plates; it is possible to choose from imperial series chains with a pitch of P=76.2 mm, as well as metric series chains with pitches of P=100 mm, 150 mm, etc ； The conveyor chain plates can be made of carbon steel, stainless steel, etc., and their surfaces can be treated with galvanizing, vulcanized rubber, or rubber coating. The frame and the sides of the machine body can be constructed from carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum profiles, etc. But has anyone ever thought about how a chain conveyor manages to achieve the turning function that can be easily accomplished by belt conveyors and roller conveyors? There’s no need to guess – turning is of course achieved through turning chain conveyors. Just like belt conveyors for turning, there are 45-degree turning chain conveyors, 90-degree turning chain conveyors, and 180-degree turning chain conveyors, available to meet the various process requirements for turning conveyance. Similar to the principle of belt turners and roller turners, in order to enable the conveyed objects to turn smoothly, it is necessary for the angular velocities on the outer and inner sides of the conveyor to be identical, and for the linear velocities on those sides to be in a certain proportion. This ensures that the conveyed objects move in a planar rotational motion around a central point; in other words, the inner and outer sides form concentric circles, with the center of these circles being the central point. The inner radius of the turning chain plate machine is generally R600, R800, R1000, R1200 mm, etc., while the outer radius is usually the inner radius plus the width of the turning chain plate machine; other special specifications can also be used according to actual requirements. Since the inner and outer sides of the turning machine are driven coaxially, in order to ensure that the linear velocity on the outer side is greater than that on the inner side and is in a certain proportion to it, the drive rollers of belt-type turning machines and the conveyor rollers of roller-type turning machines typically have a certain degree of taper, which effectively solves the issue of maintaining the proper proportion between the linear velocities. Similarly, a speed difference must also exist between the inner and outer sides of the chain plate turning machine; the diameter of the sprocket on the outside of the drive shaft must be larger than that of the sprocket on the inside, and these diameters must be in a certain proportion to each other. Since both the inner and outer chains are connected to the same sprocket, it is necessary that the number of teeth on the inner and outer sprockets be equal. Therefore, the pitch of the inner and outer sprockets cannot be the same; thus, the inner chain and the outer chain must use chains with different pitches, with the pitch of the outer chain being greater than that of the inner chain. For example, if a chain with P=12.7mm is chosen on the inner side, and a chain with P=19.05mm is chosen on the outer side, then the linear speed at the outer-side chain is 1.5 times that at the inner-side chain. After selecting the chain pitch, it is also necessary to determine the turning radius of the chain conveyor based on factors such as the site conditions and the width of the turning chain conveyor. The radius of curvature can be determined graphically by first drawing two parallel line segments; the lengths of these segments correspond to the pitch P1=12.7 mm of the inner and outer chains, respectively ； P2=19.05 mm; the distance between the two line segments is the center distance D between the inner and outer chains, which is 300 mm. The two ends of each line segment are connected to one another, and these connecting lines are extended; the intersection point of these extended lines represents the center of the concentric circles. The distance from the intersection point to the first line segment, R1=600 mm, is the inner radius, while the distance to the second line segment, R2=(600+300) mm, is the outer radius. Thus, the main parameters or characteristics of the turning chain plate machine have been determined.