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1: What are the main forms of metal structures? answer: There are frame structures, container structures, box structures, and general component structures. 2: How many parts can the riveting operation be divided into according to the nature of the process? answer: It is divided into material preparation, setting out, processing and forming, and assembly and connection. 3: What are the methods of connecting metal structures? answer: There are riveting, welding, mixed riveting and welding connections, and bolted connections. 4: In the machinery manufacturing industry, riveters belong to the (thermal processing category). 5: What is thermal processing? answer: The metal material is fully or partially heated and processed into shape. 6: What is the main structure of the truss structure? answer: It is based on profiles. 7: What is the main structure of the container structure? answer: It is mainly made of plates. 8: The box structure and general structure are structures made of a mixture of (plates) and (profiles). 9: Material preparation refers to the preparation of (raw materials) and (part blanks). 10: Steel plates and profiles may be deformed during transportation, hoisting, and storage. 11: The deformation of steel will affect the normal progress of parts (lifting, blanking, gas cutting) and other processes. 12: If the deformation of the parts during processing is not corrected, it will affect the structure (correct assembly) 1 13: The deformation caused by welding will reduce the (accuracy) of the assembly, generate additional stress inside the steel structure, and affect the (strength of the component). 14: The deformations of flat steel include (bending, twisting, and combined bending and torsion deformation). 15: What types of multi-roller straightening machines can be divided into based on the arrangement of the shaft rollers and the position of the adjusting rollers? answer: It can be divided into upper and lower roller row parallel straightening machines and upper and lower roller tilt straightening machines. 16: What are the heating methods for flame correction? answer: There are points, lines and triangles for heating. 17: What factors determine the effect of flame correction? answer: Determined by the heating location and heating temperature. 18: What are the correction methods? answer: Mechanical correction, manual correction, flame correction, and high-frequency thermal correction. 19: What is the first step in making a metal structure? answer: Lofting and numbering are the first steps in making a metal structure. 20: What impact does staking and numbering have on the product? answer: It will directly affect product quality, production cycle and cost. 21: What are the commonly used quantities for lofting? answer: There are wooden folding rulers, rulers, steel tape measures, steel rulers, etc. ２２: What are the commonly used tools for staking? answer: There are planning rules, ground rules, sample punches, marking needles, and small hand hammers. 23: What is the procedure for setting out full scale? answer: The procedures are linear lofting, structural lofting, and unfolding lofting. 24: What does the expansion look like? answer: There are plate thickness processing, unfolding drawings, and number material sample production. 25: What types of templates are classified according to their uses? answer: There are material samples, type verification samples, and positioning samples. 26: What materials are generally used to make samples? answer: Use thin iron sheet with a thickness of 0.5--2 mm. 27: What are the main methods of drawing models and sample poles? answer: There are straight line drawing method and transition drawing method. 28: How to use materials rationally? answer: It is necessary to concentrate on arranging and utilizing remaining materials. 29: What types of curves are there? answer: Divided into plane curves and space curves. 30: What are the methods to find the real length of a straight line segment? answer: There are rotation method, right triangle method, branch line method, and surface changing method. 31: What are the steps to expand this? answer: Through geometric drawing, we first draw intersecting lines, real long lines, and real cross-section shapes, and then make an expanded diagram. 32: What is the basic method for finding plane-solid intersection lines? answer: Edge method and edge method. 33: What is the basic method for finding the intersection line of a curved surface? answer: It is the longitude method and the latitudinal method. 34: What is the main method of finding intersecting lines? answer: They are the auxiliary plane method, prime line method, and spherical method. 35: What are the characteristics of intersecting lines? answer: (1) The intersecting line is the common line and dividing line between two intersecting shapes. (2) Since the shape has a certain range, the intersecting line is always closed. 36: What is an intersection line? answer: The intersection of the cutting plane and the solid surface. 37: What is a prime line? answer: Any position of the busbar on the surface of the component is called a prime line. 38: What are the commonly used expansion methods? answer: There are parallel line method, radial line method and triangle method. 39: What are the common ways to divide a sphere? answer: There are banding method, block method and splitting method. 40: What are the main contents of plate thickness processing? answer: Determine the neutral layer of the bent part and eliminate plate thickness interference. 41: How is the material length of angle steel bent parts calculated? answer: Calculated based on center of gravity layer. 42: What types of shears are there for cutting straight lines? answer: There are gantry bevel shearing machines, horizontal beam bevel shearing machines, and combined punching and shearing machines. 43: What kinds of machine tools are there for shearing curves? answer: There are disc shearing machines and vibrating shearing machines. 44: What are the characteristics of vibrating shears? answer: The vibrating shear can cut various curves and inner holes. 46: What does a combined shearing and punching machine consist of? answer: It consists of diagonal shears, steel shears and small punches. 47: Try to analyze the transmission sequence of the shearing machine. answer: The sequence is from the original moving parts - transmission parts - workpiece. 48: What is the function of the front and rear baffles of the gantry shearing machine? answer: Mainly plays a positioning role. 49: What are the forms of positioning shearing on a gantry or oblique shearing machine? answer: There are shear plate positioning shears, tailgate positioning shears, and baffle positioning shears. 50: What can the shear force exerted by diagonal shears on the material be decomposed into? answer: It can be divided into shear force, horizontal tension force and separation force. 51: What materials are not suitable for shearing machines? answer: Not suitable for cutting alloy materials and quenched materials. 52: How to choose cutting oxygen pressure? answer: The selection should be based on the thickness of the workpiece, the diameter of the cutting torch nozzle, and the purity of oxygen. 53: What is the ignition point of general carbon steel in oxygen? answer: About 1100--1150°c 54: What metal materials can meet the conditions of gas cutting? answer: There are pure iron, low carbon steel, medium carbon steel and ordinary low alloy steel. 55: What is the process of gas cutting? answer: It’s the preheating of the metal, the burning of the metal, and the oxides being blown away. 56: What is the function of round die? What does it consist of? answer: It is a tool used to process external threads. It consists of a cutting part, a positioning part, and a chip removal hole. 57: What does the form of the bevel have to do with? answer: And the type of material, thickness, welding method, mechanical properties of the product. 58: What is frosting? answer: Processing the surface of a workpiece with a grinding wheel is called grinding. 59: What are the main types of grinding tools? answer: There are pneumatic grinders and electric grinders. 60: What deformation will occur to steel during the bending and forming process? answer: Elastic deformation and plastic deformation occur. 61: What are the bending and forming methods commonly used by riveters? answer: There are cold bending, hot bending, manual bending and mechanical bending. 62: What are the forms of material bending deformation during press bending? answer ； There are free bend, contact bend, and correction bend. 63: What is related to the change in the cross-sectional shape of the material during bending? answer: It is related to the relative bending radius, cross-sectional geometric characteristics, and bending mode. 64: What is the method to prevent the blank from deflecting during bending? answer: There are supporting devices and positioning holes. 65: What types of rolling bending machines are included? answer: Including plate rolling machines and steel rolling bending machines. 66: What are the main processes of manual pipe bending? answer: There are marking lines, sand filling, and heating and bending. 67: What are the connection methods for metal structures? answer: There are three types: rivet connection and threaded connection and welding. 68: What should you consider when choosing a join method? answer: Factors such as the strength of the components, working environment, materials, construction conditions, etc. should be considered. 69: What are the forms of riveted joints? answer: There are butt joints and corner joints. 70: What are the forms of solid rivet heads? answer: There are semi-round heads, countersunk heads, and semi-suspended heads. 71: What are the main types of AC arc welding machines? answer: There are BX1--330 type and BX--500 type. 72: What is the basic operation process of hot riveting? answer: Fastening of riveted parts, repairing holes, heating rivets, connecting and threading nails, pushing nails, and riveting. 73: What are the types of riveting? answer: There are strong riveting, tight riveting, and tight riveting. 74: What tools are used for repairing holes? answer: There is a reamer. 75: What are the commonly used anti-loosening measures for threaded connections? answer: It increases friction and mechanically prevents loosening. 76: What does a welding arc consist of? answer: It consists of anode area, cathode area and arc column. 77: What are the main types of welding machines? answer: There are DC welding machines and AC welding machines. 78: What is local deformation? What is included? answer: Refers to the deformation that occurs in a certain part of the component, including angular deformation, wave deformation, and local unevenness. 79: What types of welding are classified according to spatial location? answer: Divided into flat welding, vertical welding, horizontal welding and overhead welding. 90: During the welding process, in what three directions does the welding rod move? answer: There is movement toward the molten pool, movement along the welding direction, and lateral swing. 91: What are the three elements of assembly? answer: It is positioning, supporting and clamping. 92: What are the manual clamps? answer: There are spiral clamps, wedge clamps, lever clamps, and eccentric clamps. 93: What are the non-manual clamps? answer: There are pneumatic clamps, hydraulic clamps, and magnetic clamps. 94: What are the functions of spiral clamps? answer: It has the functions of clamping, pressing, lifting and supporting. 95: What are the commonly used measurement items in assembly? answer: There are linear dimensions, parallelism, perpendicularity, coaxiality, and angles. 96: What is the support form of the workpiece in assembly? answer: There are assembly platform supports and assembly tire frame supports. 97: What types of tire frame assembly can be divided according to their functions? answer: It can be divided into general tire frame and special tire frame. 98: What are the commonly used positioning methods in assembly? answer: There are line positioning, template positioning, and positioning component positioning. 99: What are the basic methods for finding plane intersection lines? answer: There are edge method and edge method. 100: Hot riveting generally consists of four people. What is their division of labor? answer: One person heats and transfers the heat, another person connects the nails and threads them, another person pushes the nails, and another person rivets them.