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The role of the root edge and gap: The root edge is the portion of the weldment that is not cut away when a groove is made, and it extends in the direction of the weldment’s thickness. The main function of the blunt edge is to prevent burn-through at the root, ensuring that the weld root does not get penetrated due to high temperatures, thereby maintaining welding quality. However, the size of the blunt edge must be carefully determined to ensure that the first layer of weld is fully penetrated. The gap refers to the space pre-reserved between the roots of the joints before welding. It exists to ensure that the root portion is fully welded through when welding the underlying bead, preventing the inability to form a proper weld due to tight contact between the materials. The size of the gap also needs to be precisely controlled to ensure the smooth progress of the welding process. When the dimensions of the root face and gap are properly matched, it not only ensures complete penetration of the weld but also effectively prevents common welding defects such as burn-through, weld beads, and underpenetration. This coordinated dimension setting is a crucial aspect of the welding process, and it is of great significance for improving welding quality and production efficiency. In practical applications, the selection of the dimensions for the root edge and gap requires taking various factors into account, including the properties of the material, the welding method, the welding equipment, and the welding environment. By setting these parameters appropriately, welding quality and efficiency can be significantly improved, the occurrence of welding defects can be reduced, and the success of welding projects can be ensured.