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In the context of coal chemical applications, common non-metallic materials can be classified into three categories based on their functions: catalytic materials, corrosion-resistant structural materials, and materials for the utilization of solid waste. The specific types are as follows: 1. Catalytic carriers (essential for core coal chemical processes): Molecular sieves – the most commonly used ones are ZSM-5 and Y-type molecular sieves; they serve as the core carriers for catalysts in processes such as coal-to-olefins and coal-to-aromatics production, helping to regulate reaction selectivity. Carbon-based materials: activated carbon and porous carbon, which are used to support hydrogenation catalysts in processes like coal-to-syngas and coal-to-oil production. Oxides and minerals: silica, alumina, sepiolite, and kaolin, which act as carriers for catalysts in methanation and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis processes. 2. Corrosion-resistant structural materials (key materials for protecting equipment): Engineering polymers: polytetrafluoroethylene (used for valve sealing and pipe lining), fluororubber, and ethylene-propylene rubber (used for gaskets). Structural ceramics: alumina ceramics and silicon carbide ceramics (used for lining gasifiers and pump components). Composite/inorganic non-metallic materials: fiberglass-reinforced plastic (used for sulfur recovery tanks and pressure pipes), cast stone, graphite, and acid-resistant cement (used for corrosion-resistant linings and heat exchange components). 3. Materials for converting solid waste (for recycling purposes): Foamed ceramics, microcrystalline balls, and mineral fillers produced from coal chemical by-products such as fly ash and coal gangue can be reused in coal chemical processes for filtration and as fillers.