[Help] Ester reactions – what are the reasons for low yield?
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Hello, everyone! I have carried out several pilot-scale reactions involving esterification, but the yields have always been low (lower than those in lab-scale experiments). I now suspect that an excessively long period of heating under reflux is causing the esters to hydrolyze; I seek guidance from experienced experts. PS: The previous esterification reaction was simple: 5-chlorosalicylic acid + methanol + concentrated sulfuric acid = methyl 5-chlorosalicylate. Due to insufficient flow of cooling freshwater during the cooling and temperature maintenance phase, the overall production time increased by 4–5 hours.
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