water hammer
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In chemical production, when the valve is suddenly closed while water is flowing, this creates high pressure, which leads to vibrations in the pipelines. Those with limited professional knowledge in this field cannot understand this phenomenon through in-depth technical insights. In practice, it happens because the flow of fluid ahead stops suddenly; since water is incompressible, the water still present in the pipes behind it retains kinetic energy, which is then transmitted forward in large quantities, resulting in high pressure. It’s because the previously dispersed kinetic energy is concentrated and transmitted to the front end after the flow stops, thereby generating very high static pressure, right? ????????Dear sea friends, please don’t laugh at me????????
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The compressibility of water must be taken into account. When the valve is suddenly closed, the water in the pipe section right next to the valve is the first to experience changes: the flow velocity drops to zero and the pressure rises. At the same time, the water is compressed, increasing its density, which thereby creates space to accommodate the water coming from the upstream pipe section at a flowing speed. In other words, at the beginning, the upstream pipe section had not yet been affected by water hammer. Thereafter, the pipe speed and pressure undergo similar changes section by section; in this way, the effect of closing the valves propagates upstream section by section, with the increase in pressure spreading like a wave.