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Wet oxidation desulfurization is one of the key processes in industrial gas purification. To maintain stable process parameters and achieve high desulfurization efficiency, while simultaneously controlling the formation of by-products, reducing material losses, and minimizing environmental pollution, it is essential to precisely manage the four fundamental process conditions. This article outlines the key points for industry peers. I. Components of the desulfurization solution: proportioning based on requirements and emphasis on proper design. The components of the desulfurization solution need to be determined by taking into account factors such as the raw gas load, sulfur compound content, requirements for gas purification, and the key parameters of the equipment. Core principle: low reagent content and high circulation volume, along with an appropriate liquid-to-gas ratio and spraying density, to ensure the regeneration time and air supply volume, thereby enabling efficient coordination between the absorption and regeneration stages. II. Desulfurization solution temperature: The temperature range should be chosen to take into account both absorption and regeneration processes. Temperature has a direct impact on the reaction rate as well as the efficiency of sulfur aggregation and flotation; it is therefore a key parameter for process control. (1) 20–30°C: This range has little effect on the reactions, but the regeneration process is not effective at these temperatures ； (2) Above 30°C: Raising the temperature can significantly accelerate the absorption and regeneration rates ； (3) Above 45°C: Bubbles are prone to breaking, interfering with the polymerization and flotation of elemental sulfur ； (4) Above 50°C: Side reactions accelerate rapidly, sulfur particles settle, material loss increases significantly, the solubility of hydrogen sulfide and oxygen decreases, limiting both absorption and regeneration ； If ammonia water is used as the absorbent, it will further exacerbate volatilization losses. III. System pressure: Balances absorption efficiency. Pressurized operation: Can increase the operating intensity of the equipment, but it also increases the absorption of acidic gases such as carbon dioxide, thereby affecting the absorption of hydrogen sulfide ； Atmospheric pressure desulfurization: Increasing the pressure of the gas entering the tower enhances the absorption of hydrogen sulfide, thereby improving the purity of the gas; this method can be chosen flexibly depending on the specific process requirements. IV. Solution pH value: Adjust the alkalinity moderately to balance benefits and drawbacks. Raising the pH value appropriately can accelerate the absorption of hydrogen sulfide, increase the working sulfur capacity, and improve the purity of the gas. However, a higher pH is not necessarily better: an excessively high pH accelerates the absorption of carbon dioxide, increases the viscosity of the solution and reduces its quality. It also leads to increased material consumption and higher alkali usage. Furthermore, it causes the particles of elemental sulfur to become smaller, making flotation separation more difficult and raising the level of suspended sulfur in the system. By precisely controlling the four key parameters—components of the desulfurization solution, temperature, system pressure, and solution pH—it is possible to ensure that the wet oxidation desulfurization system operates stably and meets the required standards, thereby achieving the process goals of high desulfurization efficiency, low formation of by-products, low material loss, and minimal environmental pollution.