[Q&A Question 069] 2018.03.10
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【Q&A Question 069】March 10, 2018: What are the hazards of surge phenomenon to the unit? When this phenomenon occurs in a compressor, it can cause significant damage to the unit: first, it may damage components of the compressor such as seals and \"O\"-rings, and it can even lead to collisions between moving and stationary components. It exerts an impact force on the thrust bearing, disrupting the stability of the bearing oil film and damaging the bearing. It may damage the quality of the machine’s installation, disrupt the properly set clearance values between various components, and even cause deformation of the shafts, leading to increased vibration during the machine’s operation. Secondly, it may cause some related instruments to malfunction or reduce their accuracy. (Unless otherwise specified, all questions and answers are based on hydrogenation units.) ) Due to the limitations on the number of posts in the “One Question per Day” section, “One Image per Day” has been moved to the registered devices section; you can access it through the directory I posted. For management purposes, if you need to access content from a few days ago, please go to the summary post below to enter the “My Registration Season” event – (Note: This event is currently ongoing in the Chemical Engineering section) https://bbs.hcbbs.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=18978. Summary post of daily questions for the 2018 Chemical Engineering Technology Training section: https://bbs.hcbbs.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1888971. Summary post of daily images for the 2018 Registered Equipment section: https://bbs.hcbbs.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1888970. Summary post of Q&A questions for the 2018 Hydrogen Production and Hydrogenation Technology section: https://bbs.hcbbs.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1888968. Summary post of daily questions for the 2018 LNG Technology Discussion section: https://bbs.hcbbs.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1888973. Summary post of Q&A questions for 2017 (updates have started): https://bbs.hcbbs.com/thread-1657793-1-1.html. Summary post of daily questions for 2017 (updates have started): https://bbs.hcbbs.com/thread-1657794-1-1.html. Summary post of daily images for 2017: https://bbs.hcbbs.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1875160. List of daily questions for the 2017 LNG section: https://bbs.hcbbs.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1804162. Summary post of Q&A questions for 2016 (updates completed): https://bbs.hcbbs.com/thread-1597792-1-1.html
High frame vibration and high bearing temperatures, if they exceed the specified limits, can lead to a cascade shutdown or even damage to the equipment.
When surge occurs, the compressor cannot operate properly and the outlet pressure drops below the pressure in the outlet piping system, causing gas to flow back from the piping system into the compressor until the pressure in the piping system is lower than the compressor’s outlet pressure. At this point, the backflow stops and the compressor resumes normal operation. However, once the pressure in the outlet pipeline system returns to its original value, the gas flow rate through the compressor decreases again, causing surging to occur once more, and this cycle repeats itself, resulting in periodic oscillations in the pipeline system. Throughout the entire process, the compressor generates intense vibrations along with loud noise, causing severe damage to its internal components such as the labyrinth seal, bearings, and impeller. In severe cases, the compressor can be damaged. At the same time, the pipes connected to the outlet of the compressor unit also experience periodic vibrations; the pressure gauges, temperature gauges, and flow meters installed on these pipes show large fluctuations. Meanwhile, the compressor alternates between no-load and overloaded conditions on a short time scale, which is very harmful to the drive systems such as the coupling mechanisms.
Intense pulsations and periodic oscillations of the airflow cause severe vibration of the blades, which increases the stress on the impeller and raises noise levels. This leads to intense vibrations throughout the entire unit, and it may damage the bearings and seals, resulting in shutdown or serious accidents.
This post was last edited by “The Moon in My Hometown is Round” on March 10, 2018, at 09:34. 1. Damaged mechanical seal； 2. Damaged unit components ； 3. Destroy the properly adjusted clearance ； 4. Cause some instruments to be damaged.
When problems occur in the compressor, it can cause significant damage to the entire unit: first, it may damage components of the compressor such as seals and O-rings, and it can even lead to collisions between the moving and stationary parts. It exerts impact forces on the thrust bearings, disrupting the stability of the bearing oil film and damaging the bearings. Second, it may damage the installation quality of the machine, disrupt the properly set clearance values between its various components, and even cause deformation of the shafts, leading to increased vibration during the machine’s operation in the future. Third, it may cause some instruments to malfunction or reduce their accuracy.
Damaged seals can cause collisions between moving and stationary components, lead to increased machine vibration, disrupt the stability of the bearing oil film, and damage the bearings
1. Damage to the unit’s seals and bearings. 2. The periodic fluctuations in airflow caused by surge lead to a deterioration in operating conditions. 3. The vibration of the unit increases, leading to fatigue damage of the components. 4. Surge destroys the lubricating oil film of the unit, causing dry friction damage to it.
Severe vibration of the unit causes significant damage to it. There are now various anti-surge measures, such as the installation of automatic anti-ender vibration valves.
Surge is mostly caused by poor oil return, excessive amount of returning fluid, and other such reasons. In extreme cases, surge can cause complete damage to the compressor, while even mild instances may lead to abnormalities in the internal components of the compressor.
Intense pulsations and periodic oscillations of the airflow cause severe vibration of the blades, which increases the stress on the impeller and raises noise levels. This leads to intense vibrations throughout the entire unit, and it may damage the bearings and seals, resulting in shutdown or serious accidents.