“The past and present of “molybdenum” in the slurry bed process

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Molybdenum exists in nature primarily in the form of molybdenite; MoS2 represents its elemental form within molybdenite. Its chemical properties are widely utilized in fields such as metallurgy, lubrication, and chemistry. This article focuses on exploring the role of molybdenum in slurry-bed hydrogenation processes. I. Conversion of molybdenite into molybic acid: Molybdenite is refined through ammonia leaching to remove impurities, followed by crystallization or neutralization to yield ammonium paramolybdate, which is then calcined to produce molybdenum trioxide, namely molybic acid (MoO3). II. The remarkable transformation of molybdate into a catalyst precursor: Through a sequential reaction of molybdate + acetic anhydride + isooctanoic acid, acetic acid is removed to yield a molybdenum octoate catalyst precursor. III. Molybdenum octoate converted into a hydrogenation catalyst: Molybdenum octoate is added online to the slurry-bed residue hydrogenation reactor, where it reacts with hydrogen sulfide to form MoS2, thereby creating a linear, carrier-free nanocatalyst that performs the function of hydrogenation in a slurry-bed system. IV. The oil residues are gasified and oxidized to form a filter cake; metal elements such as molybdenum in the residue oil are oxidized to MoO3 at a high temperature of around 1350°C in the oil residue gasification furnace, where they evaporate, gasify, are rapidly cooled, and precipitate. These substances then enter the pressure filtration system via the black water system, and are finally transported out along with the filter cake. V. Regeneration of the filter cake into molybdenic acid: The carbon-containing filter cake is incinerated at high temperatures to recover precious metals, thereby turning waste into a valuable resource for reuse.