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Please check whether the heat balance of this distillation column is correct

2011-06-30View Original

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1. Given:
(1) n-Butanol: boiling point 117.25°C, relative density d = 0.8098; specific heat capacity at 20°C under constant pressure is 2.33 kJ/(kg·K).
(2) Water: boiling point 100°C, relative density d = 1; specific heat capacity is 4.2 kJ/(kg·°C) in the liquid phase and 2.1 kJ/(kg·°C) in the gas phase.
(3) 1,4-Butanediol (BDO): boiling point 230°C, relative density d = 1.0171; specific heat capacity at 20°C under constant pressure is 2.2 kJ/(kg·K).

2. The steam pressure in the reboiler is 1.8 Mpa, and the corresponding temperature is approximately 205°C.

3. It is assumed that t1 = 0°C, and Δt = t2 – t1.

4. Feed composition: 5% butanol, 30% BDO, 65% water; total flow rate = 10 m³/h, temperature = 30°C.
Effluent composition: 8% butanol, 92% water; total flow rate = 6.5 m³/h, top temperature = 110°C.
Bottom product composition: 96% BDO, 4% water; total flow rate = 3.5 m³/h, bottom temperature = 174°C.
Reflux composition: 8% butanol, 92% water; total flow rate = 0.3 m³/h, top temperature = 30°C.

5. Material balance: Total flow rate ≈ 10 m³/h = 3.5 + 6.5. Although the densities differ, the difference is not significant; approximate calculations can be used.

6. Heat balance: Q_reboiler + Q_feed + Q_reflux = Q_effluent + Q_bottom_product + Q_loss. (Here, Q_loss = 0.05 * Q_reboiler.)

7. Calculations:
(1) Q_feed = Q_butanol + Q_BDO + Q_water = c1m1Δt1 + c2m2Δt2 + c3m3Δt3 = 10.49*10^8 J/h.
(2) Q_top = Q_butanol + Q_water. Where Q_butanol = Q_sensible + Q_vaporization = 3.69*10^8 J/h, and Q_water = Q_sensible_liquid + Q_vaporization + Q_sensible_gas = 168.97*10^8 J/h. Thus, Q_top = 172.66*10^8 J/h.
(3) Q_bottom_product = Q_BDO + Q_water = Q_BDO + Q_sensible_liquid + Q_vaporization + Q_sensible_gas = 17.05*10^8 J/h.
(4) Q_reflux = Q_butanol + Q_water = 0.36*10^8 J/h.

8. From Q_reboiler + Q_feed + Q_reflux = Q_effluent + Q_bottom_product + Q_loss, it follows that Q_reboiler = 188.27*10^8 J/h.

9. For the reboiler, Q_reboiler = Km * A * Δtc. Here, Km represents the heat transfer coefficient, with values of 600, 800, and 1140 (typical values for heat transfer between organic solutions and steam). Δtc = 205°C – 174°C – 3°C = 28°C; the 3°C value represents the temperature resistance. A represents the heat transfer area. Therefore:
- When K = 600, A = 311 m².
- When K = 800, A = 233 m².
- When K = 1140, A = 163 m².

10. The actual heat transfer area of the reboiler is 112 m².
Question: I want to calculate the area of the reboiler. Why is there such a large difference? ? Could some experts help me check whether my algorithm is correct? ? I hope you can give me a lot of guidance~~
Reply #22011-06-30
This post was last edited by yunweigufen on 2011-6-30 at 10:21. I earnestly ask those who are knowledgeable to give some feedback. I haven’t calculated something like this in several years, so I’m not sure if there are any issues with the method used. If there aren’t any problems, then which data might be incorrect? This calculation is only rough; high precision isn’t required

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