What is a Zhengzhong hydrogen converter? ? ? ?

Why is positive-secondary hydrogen conversion necessary during hydrogen liquefaction? Liquid hydrogen is a high-energy, low-temperature liquid fuel. It is a colorless, odorless, transparent liquid at low temperatures; its boiling point is 20.35 K, its freezing point is 13.55 K, and its density is 0.07 g/cm3 at the boiling point. Liquid hydrogen is a mixture of secondary hydrogen and primary hydrogen. Metahydrogen has exactly the same chemical properties as protohydrogen, but its physical properties differ, as the ground-state energy of metahydrogen is lower than that of protohydrogen. The equilibrium mixture of primary and secondary hydrogens at various temperatures is called equilibrium hydrogen. The equilibrium concentrations of primary and secondary hydrogens vary with temperature below 273 K. A normal hydrogen mixture with a positive and secondary hydrogen balance at temperatures above 273 K is called normal hydrogen, and it consists of 75% positive hydrogen and 25% secondary hydrogen. During liquefaction and storage, due to autocatalytic effects, protium is converted into deuterium, releasing heat that causes evaporation losses of liquid hydrogen. Therefore, the deuterium content in liquid hydrogen products is required to be at least 95%, which means that protium must be essentially completely catalytically converted into deuterium during liquefaction.

A device for the isothermal conversion of primary and secondary hydrogens, comprising a storage tank and a converter; the storage tank and the converter are placed within the same container, and the hydrogen in the conversion chamber of the converter undergoes conversion of primary and secondary hydrogens under the action of a catalyst, while also exchanging heat with the low-temperature medium on the inner wall of the converter. 5. This device places the storage tank containing a large amount of cryogenic medium and the conversion material within the same container, resulting in a large overall size for the converter, which hinders the efficient implementation of the catalytic conversion of normal and parahydrogen ； Furthermore, this converter places hydrogen inside the chamber while placing the cryogenic medium inside the pipes, resulting in insufficient heat exchange area and inadequate heat transfer, thereby preventing true ortho-para hydrogen catalytic conversion.