Describe the main principles of wastewater treatment.

(1) Strive for reduction; (2) Increase the rates of recycling and reuse; (3) Treat wastewater in an economical, rational, and proper manner

1. Give priority to using non-toxic production processes to replace and reform outdated ones, striving to eliminate or reduce the generation of toxic and harmful substances throughout the production process. 2. When using toxic raw materials and generating toxic intermediates and products, strict operations and supervision are required to eliminate leaks, reduce losses, and employ appropriate processes and equipment. 3. Wastewater containing toxic substances should be separated from other wastes in order to facilitate treatment and the recovery of useful materials. 4. Wastewater with high flow rates but low pollution levels should be properly treated and reused, rather than being discharged into sewers, to avoid increasing the burden on urban sewer systems and wastewater treatment facilities. 5. Wastewater similar to urban sewage, such as that from the food, sugar production, and papermaking industries, can be discharged into urban sewers for treatment. 6. Some biodegradable toxic wastewater should be treated first before being discharged into the urban sewer system in accordance with the allowed discharge standards, for further treatment thereafter. 7. Toxic wastewater containing substances that are difficult to biodegrade should be treated separately and not discharged into municipal sewers. The development trend in industrial wastewater treatment is to recycle wastewater and pollutants as useful resources or to implement closed-loop systems.

The main principle of treating chemical wastewater is to start from the perspective of clean production, reform production processes and equipment, reduce pollutants, prevent the discharge of wastewater, and carry out comprehensive utilization and recycling.

There are no primary or secondary principles; the only principle is to ensure that emissions meet the standards or that the material can be reused to meet the required standards.

Low production is the main principle. New technology and processes. Recycle and reuse.

The treatment plan is formulated based on the principles of advanced technology, reliable processes, and economic Reasonableness The following principles are given priority: 1) Strictly comply with all national and local environmental protection regulations to ensure that all parameters of the treated water meet the specified requirements； 2) The investment is reasonable; mature wastewater treatment technologies are employed. While ensuring that the designed performance standards are met, the construction costs and operating expenses are minimized as much as possible, taking into account the actual conditions of the project ； 3) It is easy to manage and maintain; the system operates stably and reliably, offers high flexibility and adjustability in operation, has low operating costs, and is economically reasonable to meet long-term needs ； 4) The process flow is simple, operation is flexible, the layout is compact, and it occupies little space ； 5) Select specialized wastewater treatment equipment that is advanced both domestically and internationally, reliable, efficient, easy to manage in operation, and requires minimal maintenance.