Introduction to Solvent Oils

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This post was last edited by Guan Gongyu on 2015-10-16 at 21:35. Mineral Solvents Mineral solvents refer to a range of light petroleum products that serve functions such as dissolving, diluting, washing, and extracting certain substances. Their main components are alkanes, cycloalkanes, and small amounts of aromatics; they contain no additives. 　　 　　Types of solvent oils: ① Solvent-extracted oil No.6. Alternative name: Soybean extract solvent oil. Product properties: It is a colorless and transparent liquid that is a mixture of various lower alkanes. Its boiling range is wider than that of industrial hexane, and it possesses properties similar to those of industrial hexane. It is miscible with most liquid fats and oils other than castor oil, and can dissolve lower fatty acids. 　　Primary uses: It is mainly used as a fragrance, as an extraction solvent for vegetable oils, and can also be used as a solvent in the synthesis of rubber as well as for cleaning precision parts. 　　Range: Initial boiling point, °C – not less than 60; 98% recovery temperature, °C – not more than 90. ② Solvent oil No.70: Boiling range of 60–70°C. The main component is saturated hydrocarbons. The household chemicals industry uses it to extract essences from aromatic substances, while the oil industry uses it to extract oils from fats. 　　 　　③Solvent oil No. 90 Alternative name: Petroleum ether Boiling range: 60–90°C Primarily used as an industrial solvent and chemical reagent. It is also used to extract the active components of drugs, to isolate nicotine from tobacco leaves, and to extract oils from plants and animals. 　　 　　④Solvent oil No.120 Alternative name: Rubber solvent oil Boiling range: 80–120°C It is used in the production of tires and rubber shoes to dissolve rubber compounds and prepare rubber pastes; it can also be used as a diluent for special fast-drying paints and pigments. 　　 　　⑤Solvent oil No.180 Alternative name: Aviation cleaning oil Boiling range: 40–180°C It is highly refined. Used for washing mechanical parts and precision instruments of aircraft engines. 　　 　　⑥Solvent oil No.190 Alternative name: Industrial gasoline Boiling range: 40–190°C It is mainly used for cleaning various mechanical parts, as a solvent in the pesticide and pharmaceutical industries, and as fuel for blowtorches and lighters. 　　 　　⑦Solvent No. 200 (Mineral solvents for the paint industry) Alternative name: turpentine Product properties: It appears as a colorless, transparent liquid. It has an appropriate evaporation rate, can often contain a certain amount of aromatics, and has a strong dissolving power for drying oils and resins. 　　Primary uses: It is mainly used as a solvent or thinner in the coating industry, and can also be used as a rough cleaning solvent. 　　It consists of petroleum fractions ranging from 140°C to 200°C. 　　 　　 　　In recent years, petroleum hydrocarbon solvents have seen rapid development, with their areas of application continuing to expand. They are widely used in various fields such as edible oils, printing inks, leather processing, pesticides, insecticides, rubber manufacturing, cosmetics, fragrances, chemical polymerization, pharmaceuticals, and the cleaning of IC electronic components. There is also a growing interest in solvent oil production across the country; as technology improves, many petrochemical companies have begun to produce high-standard solvent oils. Especially in the production of solvent oils No. 6, No. 120, and No. 200, they have gradually become the mainstream products among solvent oils. 　　 　　There are mainly three types of raw materials used in China to produce petroleum hydrocarbon solvent oils: catalytic reforming raffinate, stabilized light hydrocarbons from oil fields, and straight-run gasoline. The residue oil is an oil fraction in the 65–150°C range; it can be used to produce solvent oils of grade 6 and 120. Since the raw material has been subjected to hydrorefining, the aromatic content and sulfur level of the resulting solvent products meet **the specified standards**. Oil field stabilizer light hydrocarbons contain large amounts of butane and pentane; as a result, butane and pentane constitute a significant proportion of the resulting solvent. The sulfur and aromatic content in the produced No. 6 and No. 120 solvent oils do not meet the **standards, necessitating desulfurization and dearomatization processes. Using straight-run gasoline as a raw material, 200-grade solvent oil is primarily produced; refinement is also required to obtain qualified products