What are the main types of water distribution systems in cooling towers?

The function of the water distribution system is to distribute hot water evenly across the entire showering area, thereby enabling the showering device to achieve its maximum cooling capacity. The commonly used water distribution systems are slot type, pipe type, and tank type. A trough-type water distribution system typically consists of a water trough, nozzles, and splash plates. Hot water flows from the nozzles onto the splash plates, where it splashes into countless small droplets that are scattered in all directions, thereby achieving even water distribution. The distribution part of a tubular water distribution system consists of main pipes and branch pipes, and it can adopt various water distribution structures as long as the distribution is even. In a pool-type water distribution system, the water storage tank is located directly above the sprinkling device; holes with a diameter of 4–10 mm are evenly distributed across the bottom of the tank (or nozzles and spouts are installed there). The water level in the tank is generally kept at least 100 mm deep to ensure even watering.

The commonly used water distribution systems include: tubular distribution (fixed, rotary), trough-type distribution, rotary distribution, and tank-type distribution – a total of four types.

It is best to use a slot type, or a combination of slot and tube types, and select nozzles with upward spray.

There are three types of water distribution: tubular, trough, and pool types. In the petrochemical industry, the counterflow cooling tower is the most commonly used, and the water distribution method employed in such towers is tubular distribution