What are the hazards of dirt in the cooling water system?

It affects heat transfer efficiency, causes blockages in heat exchangers, and leads to under-scale corrosion.

The hazards of scale: In closed-loop cooling water systems, the scale that forms on the walls of heat exchangers (such as water coolers and condensers) hinders heat transfer within these exchangers, reducing their cooling efficiency. In the pipes used to transport cooling water, the scale formed reduces the cross-sectional area of these pipes, thereby decreasing the flow rate of cooling water; in severe cases, it can even block the pathways for cooling water, further reducing its cooling effect and resulting in a decrease in the output of the materials being cooled. The scale also creates oxygen concentration difference cells on the surface of metal equipment, leading to corrosion beneath the scale. On the surface of heat exchangers, scale can also cause different temperature zones to appear in various parts of the same metal heat exchange device, thus inducing hot spot corrosion in the metal equipment.