Properties and uses of various stainless steels

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This post was last edited by Wang Tianze on 2015-12-16 at 21:12. Properties and uses of various stainless steels: Steel grade, properties, uses. 304: 18Cr–8Ni; as a widely used steel, it possesses good corrosion resistance, heat resistance, low-temperature strength, and mechanical properties. It exhibits good formability in hot working such as stamping and bending, and shows no hardening due to heat treatment (it is non-magnetic and can be used at temperatures ranging from -196°C to -800°C). It is used in household items (tableware of types 1 and 2, kitchen cabinets, indoor piping, water heaters, boilers, bathtubs), automotive parts (windshield wipers, mufflers, molded components), medical devices, building materials, the chemical and food industries, agriculture, and ship components. As a low-carbon variant of 304 steel, 304L (18Cr–8Ni) has corrosion resistance similar to that of regular 304 steel under normal conditions; however, it demonstrates excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion after welding or stress relief. It maintains good corrosion resistance even without heat treatment, and is generally used at temperatures below 400 degrees Celsius (non-magnetic, operating temperature range from -196 degrees Celsius to -800 degrees Celsius). It is applied to large outdoor machines in the chemical, coal, and petroleum industries where high resistance to intergranular corrosion is required, as well as in building materials, heat-resistant parts, and those parts for which heat treatment is difficult. 304J113Cr-7.7Ni-2Cu requires the addition of Cu; it has good formability, especially in terms of drawing properties and resistance to aging cracks, which enables the fabrication of products with complex shapes. Its corrosion resistance. Its corrosion resistance is the same as that of 304 steel. Thermos flasks, kitchen sinks, pots, kettles, insulated lunch boxes, doorknobs, textile processing machines. 31618Cr-12Ni-2.5Mo contains Mo added to it, which gives it excellent corrosion resistance, resistance to atmospheric corrosion, and high-temperature strength, allowing it to be used under harsh conditions. Equipment with excellent work hardening properties (non-magnetic), used in seawater for the production of chemicals, dyes, paper, oxalic acid, fertilizers, and other products ； In the fields of photography and the food industry, as well as in facilities located in coastal areas, it is used for ropes, CD poles, bolts, and nuts. 316L18Cr-12Ni-2.5Mo is a low-carbon variant of the 316 steel series; in addition to sharing the same properties as 316 steel, it offers improved resistance to intergranular corrosion. Among the applications of 316 steel, there are products that require special resistance to intergranular corrosion. 32118Cr-9Ni-Ti adds Ti elements to 304 steel to prevent grain boundary corrosion. Suitable for use at temperatures ranging from 430 degrees Celsius to 900 degrees Celsius. Aircraft, exhaust pipes, boiler drums – ferritic steel 409L with 11.3C-0.17Ni; low carbon and low uranium content. The addition of Ti elements improves its corrosion resistance and high-temperature strength. Automotive exhaust pipes, heat exchangers, and other products that do not require heat treatment after welding – ferritic steel 430. As a representative type of ferritic steel, it has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, as well as excellent formability and oxidation resistance. Heat-resistant appliances, burners, home appliances, tableware of category 2, kitchen sinks, exterior decorative materials, bolts, nuts, CD rods, and screens. Maraging steel 41013Cr—low carbon: As a representative of maraging steels, it has high strength but is not suitable for use in harsh corrosive environments. It has good workability; the blade hardens upon heat treatment (becomes magnetic), and it is used for mechanical parts, oil refining equipment, bolts, nuts, pump rods, and category 1 tableware (knives, forks). 420J113Cr--0.2C has high hardness after quenching, good corrosion resistance (magnetic). Cutlery (knives), turbine blades: After quenching, 420J213Cr--0.3C exhibits higher hardness than 420J1 steel; it is magnetic. Blades, nozzles, valves, rulers, cutlery, knives