In what situations are floating roof tanks, spherical tanks, horizontal tanks, and vaulted roof tanks used respectively?

Floating roof tanks are divided into floating roof tanks and internal floating roof tanks. 1) The floating roof of a floating-roof storage tank is a movable cover that floats on the surface of the liquid stored inside. It moves up and down as liquid is added to or removed from the tank. There is an annular space between the floating roof and the tank walls, and this space is equipped with a sealing device that prevents the liquid in the tank from coming into contact with the atmosphere as the roof moves up and down, thereby **reducing evaporation losses during storage. When using floating roof tanks to store oil, oil losses can be reduced by about 80% compared to fixed roof tanks. 2) Internal floating roof tanks are floating roof tanks equipped with a roof; they represent a new type of storage tank that combines the features of arch roof tanks and floating roof tanks. The top of an internal floating roof tank is a combination of an arch roof and a floating roof, with the arch roof on the outside and the floating roof on the inside. Internal floating roof storage tanks have unique advantages: first, compared to floating roof tanks, the presence of a fixed roof enables effective prevention of the intrusion of wind, sand, rain, snow, or dust, thus ensuring the quality of the stored liquid. At the same time, the inner floating disk floats on the liquid surface, eliminating any vapor space above the liquid and reducing evaporation losses by 85% to 96% ； It reduces air pollution and the risk of explosions; fires caused by it generally do not lead to widespread burning. It helps to maintain the quality of the stored liquid, making it particularly suitable for storing high-grade gasoline and jet fuel, as well as toxic petrochemical products ； Since there is no gas space on the liquid surface, corrosion of the tank walls and roof is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the storage tank. Secondly, under the same sealing conditions, it can further reduce evaporation losses compared to floating roofs. Spherical tanks are large-capacity, pressure-resistant spherical storage vessels that are widely used in industries such as petroleum, chemicals, and metallurgy. They can be used as storage containers for liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas, liquid oxygen, liquid ammonia, liquid nitrogen, and other substances. It can also be used as a storage tank for compressed gases (air, oxygen, nitrogen, city gas).

Spherical tanks are used for storing large quantities of light media, such as single media and mixed media composed of Carbon 5 and its derivatives; they can also be used for other similar media such as liquid nitrogen； Floating roof tanks are used for media with vapor pressures similar to those of gasoline and naphtha ； Arch top tanks are used for media with relatively low vapor pressures, such as diesel and heavier fluids ； As for the horizontal tank, it has a smaller capacity and can be used with all the aforementioned media.

Sectors such as petroleum, chemicals, and metallurgy all require tank storage, right?

I want to figure out when to use spherical tanks, when to use floating roof tanks, and when to use horizontal tanks. Thank you

For details, see SH/T3007; it’s quite comprehensive