Selection of housing material
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There is a pressure vessel with a normal operating temperature of 50 degrees Celsius, but it will be used in Russia where the ambient temperatures are low in winter. How should the material be selected? Is environmental temperature taken into account when selecting materials? Please have experienced friends reply; thank you very much
①Low-carbon manganese steel: Low-carbon manganese steel (C 0.05–0.28%, Mn 0.6–2%). The Mn/C ratio is set to around 10, and harmful impurities such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus are reduced; in some cases, small amounts of elements like aluminum, niobium, titanium, and vanadium are added to refine the grain structure. The minimum operating temperature for this type of steel is around –60°C. ②Low-alloy steel. Low-alloy steel. The main types are low-nickel steel (Ni 2–4%), manganese-nickel-molybdenum steel (Mn 0.6–1.5%, Ni 0.2–1.0%, Mo 0.4–0.6%, C ≤ 0.25%), and nickel-chromium-molybdenum steel (Ni 0.7–3.0%, Cr 0.4–2.0%, Mo 0.2–0.6%, C ≤ 0.25%). The strength of these steel grades is higher than that of low-carbon steel, with a minimum operating temperature of around -110°C. China has developed several nickel-saving low-alloy steels for low-temperature applications, such as 09Mn2V. ③Medium (high) alloy steel: Medium (high) alloy steel. The main types are 6%Ni steel, 9%Ni steel, and 36%Ni steel, among which 9%Ni steel is the most widely used steel for cryogenic applications. The operating temperature of such high-nickel steels can go as low as -196°C.
What criteria should be used for design? Is insulation provided, or not? In the case of GB standards, it is ideal to meet the requirements regarding low temperature and low stress as specified in Appendix E of 150.3; in such cases, Q345R can be used. If those low-temperature stress requirements are not met, then material selection must be based on 150.2
When selecting materials, the ambient temperature should be taken into account... Under no circumstances shall the surface temperature of the component metal exceed the allowable operating temperature of the material...
The local temperature conditions should be taken into account at that time; low-carbon manganese steel is more than sufficient