Introduction to Rio Olympic Events 01/28: Archery – Sports Section, Invite from Moderator

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The Rio Olympics are set to begin in August. As a sports event that takes place every four years, it’s likely that people from Haichuan enjoy watching such events. The sports section here provides some basic information to help everyone enjoy the competitions better when they take place. ==================================================================== Archery: Competition format – The Olympic archery competitions are held using a single-elimination format, and the competition lasts for 6 days. Individual competition: The individual competition is divided into three stages – ranking rounds, knockout rounds, and the final – with a range of 70 meters for all. First, a ranking competition is held, with 64 athletes in each gender; each athlete shoots 6 sets of arrows, 6 arrows per set, for a total of 36 arrows ； After resting for 10–15 minutes, shoot again following the above procedure, for a total of 72 arrows. The rankings of the top 64 male and female competitors are determined based on the total number of rings scored with these 72 arrows. Pairings for the elimination rounds are made according to the archery competition rules: the 1st competitor faces the 64th, the 2nd faces the 63rd, and so on, in order to carry out the elimination rounds. In the knockout stage, each athlete shoots 12 arrows. The competition is divided into 4 groups, with 3 arrows per group; each arrow is shot over a period of 30 seconds. The shooters take turns shooting one after another, and the winner moves on to the next round. In the end, 8 athletes advance to the final ； In the final, the shooting method, number of arrows, and elimination process are the same as in the preliminaries, to determine the champion and runner-up. Team competition: The team competition is divided into two phases: the knockout stage and the final. Each team has 3 athletes, with a shooting range of 70 meters. Based on the sum of the scores of the 3 athletes per team in the individual ranking matches, the top 16 teams in both the men’s and women’s categories advance to the team knockout stage. Each team shoots 24 arrows in total, divided into 4 groups. 6 arrows per group, 2 arrows per person, with a time limit of 2 minutes. After the first team shoots 3 arrows (with each athlete shooting one arrow in turn), the timer is paused and the remaining time is retained, while the timer for the other team starts, and they shoot 3 arrows in the same manner. Then, the team that shot first completes 3 more arrows within the remaining time, after which the team that shot later does the same to complete this set of shots. The winning team moves on to the next stage of the competition. The final launch method, number of rockets, and elimination process are the same as in the preliminaries, to determine the champion and runner-up. Rules for shooting in competitions: Given the inherent danger associated with archery, there are various specific rules regarding how shots are taken in different archery competitions. For example, except for athletes with physical disabilities or those in wheelchairs, both feet must be placed on the starting line when shooting, either with them separated or together ； Inside the competition area, except during the designated practice time or when instructed by the starter and with the athlete facing the target from the shooting line, archers are not allowed to shoot in any other direction at other times ； During the competition, no one other than the athlete whose turn it is to shoot is allowed to enter the shooting area, etc. Scoring ring rules: Scoring method. The rings in archery competitions are also referred to as scores, while announcing the score is known as reporting the target or giving the score. When confirming the ring scores for the knockout rounds and the final, the referee announces the scores in descending order, while the scorekeeper and the athlete’s representative verify the results on the score sheet. The specific scoring method is as follows: hitting the outermost white ring earns 1 point, up to 10 points for hitting the inner yellow ring. If an arrow’s hitting position touches two colored ring areas, or the arrow shaft touches a ring, it is counted as a high score. If an arrow hits exactly on the tip of another arrow on the target, points are awarded based on the ring score of the arrow that was hit. If an arrow penetrates the target surface, or bounces off it after hitting it, scoring is determined by the impact point left on the target surface or by the absence of an arrow hole. Whether or not the arrow hits the target, points are awarded as long as it crosses the 3-meter line ； If the arrow accidentally falls to the ground, but part of the shaft remains within the 3-meter line, the referee will rule that arrow as not having been shot, and the athlete may shoot another arrow. Ring scoring rule: Ring (score) points are determined based on the position where the shaft of the arrow strikes the target. All scoring, point-keeping, and ring-determination must be carried out before drawing the arrow. After recording, the athlete or agent should mark the arrow holes of the arrows that were shot. When the arrow is too close to the ring, special situations occur on the target (such as an arrow passing through it), or if the athlete shooting at that target disputes the score given, it is necessary to have the referee judge the score. The rules also specify clear guidelines regarding the referee’s decision on rings. For example: if the arrow shaft touches the ring, it is judged as a high ring ； If an arrow hits another arrow that is already in the target and then strikes elsewhere, the ranking is determined by the final position where it lands, and so on. Penalties for violations: In archery competitions, the main penalties for violations include verbal warnings, yellow card warnings, red card warnings, as well as corresponding point deductions and disqualification from the competition. A verbal warning is considered a minor offense ； Yellow card warnings also count as minor fouls ； A red card warning is a serious foul. In team competitions, when athletes ignore the yellow card warning and continue to shoot, the referee shows a red card and deducts from that team the score corresponding to the highest number of rings achieved in that round. In addition, athletes who use equipment that does not comply with the rules set by the International Archery Federation, engage in cheating, or take **, will have their competition results disqualified. The time limit for the competition is 30 seconds, which is the time allowed for an athlete to shoot one arrow during each alternate shooting ； 40 seconds, the time limit for resolving a tie in the individual competition through an extra round of shooting one arrow ； Time limit to shoot 1 arrow while replenishing arrows ； 60 seconds, the time limit for the team extra round, during which each team shoots 3 arrows (1 arrow per person) ； 120 seconds, the time limit for individual competitors to shoot 3 arrows ； In the team competition, each team shoots 6 arrows within a time limit (2 arrows per person) ； 240 seconds, the time limit for each group to shoot 6 arrows simultaneously.