Comic | Illustrated guide to the loading, unloading, and handling of hazardous chemicals!

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Handling of hazardous chemicals during loading, unloading, and transportation: 1. Before loading, unloading, or transporting chemical hazards, proper preparations must be made first; it is necessary to understand the properties of the substances involved, and to check whether the tools used for handling are sturdy enough. Any tools that are not sturdy enough should be replaced or repaired. If the tool has been contaminated by flammable substances, organic materials, acids, alkalis, etc., it must be cleaned before use. 2. Operators should wear appropriate protective equipment according to the hazardous properties of different materials, paying extra attention to toxic, corrosive, radioactive, and other such substances. Protective equipment includes work clothes, rubber aprons, rubber sleeve covers, rubber gloves, long rubber boots, gas masks, gas-filtering masks, gauze masks, gauze gloves, and goggles, etc. Before starting the operation, a designated person should check whether the tools are in good condition and whether the appropriate protective gear is being worn. After use, it should be cleaned or disinfected and stored in a dedicated cabinet. Operators are not allowed to wear shoes with nails. 3. When loading, unloading, and handling chemical hazardous materials, drinking alcohol or smoking is prohibited. After completing the work, wash your hands and face promptly, rinse your mouth, or take a shower, depending on the work conditions and the nature of the hazardous materials. When handling toxic substances, it is necessary to ensure good air circulation at the work site. If symptoms of poisoning such as nausea or dizziness occur, one should immediately go to a place with fresh air to rest, remove their work clothes and protective gear, and clean any contaminated areas of the skin; in severe cases, seek medical attention at a hospital. 4. When loading, unloading, and handling explosives, Class 1 flammable materials, and Class 1 oxidizers, it is prohibited to use wheel carts, battery-powered vehicles (battery-powered vehicles without devices to control sparks), and other transportation tools that lack explosion-proof mechanisms. Those participating in the task must not wear shoes with metal studs. Rolling of iron barrels is prohibited, and stepping on chemical hazardous materials and their packaging (referring to explosives) is forbidden. During loading, it is essential to ensure stability and avoid stacking too high; vehicles carrying potassium (sodium) chlorate must not be pulled by trailers as well. Loading, unloading, and handling should generally take place during the day, with exposure to sunlight avoided. During the hot season, work should be carried out in the early morning and evening; for evening work, explosion-proof or enclosed safety lighting should be used. When working in rain, snow, or ice conditions, anti-slip measures must be in place. 5. During handling, chemical hazardous materials should be handled with care to avoid impacts, friction, drops, and vibrations. When unstacking liquid iron drums, do not use a ramp to slide them down quickly; instead, place old tires or other soft materials on the ground beside the stack and lower them slowly. Items marked with a \"do not invert\" indicator must not be placed upside down. If damage to the packaging is detected, it must be moved to a safe location for repair or the packaging must be replaced. Tools that may produce sparks should not be used during repairs. When chemical hazardous materials spill on the ground or in the cargo hold, they should be swept up promptly; for flammable and explosive materials, soft materials soaked in water should be used for cleaning. 6. When loading, unloading, and handling highly corrosive materials, it is necessary to check whether the bottom of the container has been corroded before operation, in order to prevent danger caused by the bottom breaking away. It is prohibited to carry it on shoulders, back, or by holding it with both hands; it must be lifted, carried, or transported using a vehicle. When handling and stacking, it must not be inverted, tilted, or shaken to prevent the liquid from splashing and causing danger. Clean water, soda water, or balanced acetic acid should be available on site for use in emergency situations. 7. When loading, unloading, and handling radioactive materials, do not carry them on the shoulders, back, or in arms. Also, minimize contact between the human body and the product packaging; handle it gently to prevent the packaging from breaking. After finishing work, wash your hands and face with soap and water and take a shower before eating or drinking. Protective equipment and tools must be thoroughly cleaned to remove radiation contamination. Radioactive wastewater must not be discharged carelessly; it should be directed into deep ditches or treated. Waste should be buried in deep pits. 8. Items with mutually conflicting properties shall not be loaded and unloaded in the same place, nor transported on the same vehicle (ship). For items that are sensitive to heat and moisture, insulation and moisture-proofing measures should be taken.