Detailed introduction to the types and applications of steel plates and steel strips

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This post was last edited by yuchenchf on 2017-8-5 at 16:18. A detailed introduction to the types and uses of steel plates and steel strips. Steel strips are an essential raw material in the production of sealing products; today, the editor will provide you with a detailed overview of steel plates and steel strips in various specifications! Steel plate is a flat-section steel material with a high ratio of width to thickness, and it is widely used in industry. Steel plates are classified into medium-thick steel plates and thin steel plates according to their thickness. Steel strip is a thin plate with a narrow width and long length, usually supplied in coils. Steel plate specifications are expressed in millimeters as thickness * width * length (or per coil). Medium and thick steel plates: Steel plates with a thickness greater than 4 mm are classified as medium and thick steel plates. Among them, steel plates with a thickness of 4.5–25.0 mm are referred to as medium-thick plates, those with a thickness of 25.0–100.0 mm are called thick plates, and those with a thickness exceeding 100.0 mm are classified as extra-thick plates. At present, most medium and heavy gauge steel plates are produced by hot rolling. These plates are divided into ordinary medium and heavy gauge steel plates and high-quality medium and heavy gauge steel plates. Ordinary medium and thick steel plates: Ordinary medium and thick steel plates refer to steel plates rolled from ordinary carbon structural steel or low-alloy structural steel. They mainly include: ordinary carbon boiling steel plates, ordinary carbon killed steel plates, low-alloy steel plates, steel plates for bridges, steel plates for shipbuilding, boiler steel plates, pressure vessel steel plates, patterned steel plates, and steel plates for automobile frames. High-quality medium and thick plates refer to steel plates rolled hot from various high-quality steels. Based on their material composition and intended use, they can be classified into high-quality carbon structural steel plates, carbon tool steel plates, alloy structural steel plates, alloy tool steel plates, spring steel plates, bearing steel plates, high-speed tool steel plates, stainless steel plates, 90-series steel plates, bulletproof steel plates, pure iron steel plates, high-pressure steel plates, weather-resistant steel plates, pressure-resistant steel plates, and low-magnetic steel plates. The most commonly used types are high-quality carbon structural steel plates and stainless steel plates. In addition, there are also composite steel plates such as stainless steel composite plates, plowshare steel plates, and copper-steel composite plates. High-quality medium and thick plates, used for parts, components, tools, etc. in machinery, vehicles, and other applications. Stainless steel sheets are used in aviation, petrochemicals, textiles, food, healthcare, and more. Thin steel plate: A steel plate with a thickness of no more than 4.0 mm is considered a thin steel plate. Thin steel sheets are classified into ordinary thin steel sheets, high-quality thin steel sheets, and coated thin steel sheets; based on their rolling process, they are further divided into hot-rolled and cold-rolled types. Hot-rolled ordinary thin steel plates: Made by hot rolling ordinary carbon structural steel or low-alloy structural steel; they mainly include ordinary steel plates, shipbuilding steel plates, low-alloy steel plates, patterned steel plates, oil tank steel plates, liquefied gas cylinder steel plates, automotive crossbeam steel plates, and steel formwork. Ordinary steel plates are widely used for components where high surface quality is not required and deep stamping is not necessary, such as machine enclosures, ventilation ducts, cabinets, etc., as well as as raw materials for other types of plates. The applications of steel plates in shipbuilding, pattern-making, automotive crossbeams, etc., are the same as those of medium and thick plates. Steel plates for oil drums are made from high-quality carbon structural steels such as Q215-A, Q235-A, or grades 08 and 10, and are hot-rolled into sheets with thicknesses of 1.25 mm or 1.50 mm. The plate dimensions are 660*1310 (1970) (bucket lid) and 930*1800 (bucket body) as required. Hot-rolled high-quality thin steel sheets: Made by hot-rolling various high-quality steels. They mainly include high-quality carbon structural steel thin sheets, carbon tool steel thin sheets, alloy structural steel thin sheets, alloy tool steel thin sheets, spring steel thin sheets, bearing steel thin sheets, stainless steel thin sheets, 90-series thin sheets, bulletproof thin sheets, etc., and their applications are similar to those of high-quality hot-rolled medium and thick sheets. Cold-rolled ordinary thin steel sheets: Made by cold rolling ordinary carbon structural steel or low-alloy structural steel. The surface quality of cold-rolled sheets is good. It has good stamping properties. It is required to pass the cold bending and cup testing, and is commonly used in industries such as the automotive sector as well as as a raw material for coated sheets. Cold-rolled high-quality thin steel sheets: These mainly include various types of cold-rolled thin sheets made from high-quality steels. The most commonly used ones are carbon structural steel sheets, especially those designed for deep drawing. These are thin sheets produced by cold-rolling low-carbon high-quality steel of grade 08Al. The sheets are classified into three groups based on their surface quality ； I, II, and III denote exceptionally high, high, and relatively high levels of surface finish, respectively. Based on the degree of drawing complexity, they are classified into ZF, HF, and F grades (representing use in manufacturing parts that are most complex, very complex, or complex to draw). Depending on the allowable deviation in steel plate thickness, they are further divided into A and B precision grades. They are widely used in the automotive and tractor industries. Coated steel plates: These are steel plates whose surfaces have been coated with other metals or non-metals in order to improve their corrosion resistance; examples include galvanized steel plates, lead-coated steel plates, tin-coated steel plates, and plastic-composite steel plates – all of which are referred to as coated steel plates. Coated steel sheets are all thin steel sheets. Galvanized thin steel sheet: Galvanized thin steel sheet is also known as galvanized iron sheet or tinplate. It is made by subjecting cold-rolled thin steel sheets with a thickness of 0.25–2.50 mm to acid washing, and then dipping them into molten zinc to coat them with a thin layer of zinc. The surface of the steel sheet features distinct crystalline patterns that resemble fish scales or leaves. Thanks to the zinc coating, it is protected from rusting caused by air and water. Galvanized sheets are widely used in construction, packaging, and everyday life, such as for covering roofs, manufacturing gutters, downspouts, ventilation ducts, and household items. For galvanized thin steel sheets, it is essential that the quality of the galvanizing layer be good; the thickness of the galvanizing layer on one side should be ≥0.2 mm. Additionally, the plasticity of the steel sheet and the strength of the galvanizing layer are important considerations. There are two types of galvanized thin sheets: hot-dip galvanized and electro-galvanized ones. Lead-plated thin steel sheet: It is typically made by plating lead onto cold-rolled thin sheets of 08Al grade; the lead used in this process is actually an alloy of lead and antimony. Lead exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in many media, especially in petroleum products containing H2S, SO2, and similar substances. Therefore, lead-plated thin steel sheets are commonly used to manufacture automobile fuel tanks and oil storage containers. The common thickness of lead-plated thin steel sheets is 0.5–1.8 mm. It is required to ensure surface quality, stamping performance, etc. Tin-plated thin steel sheet: Tin-plated thin steel sheet is commonly known as \"tinplate\"; it is made by hot-dipping or electroplating tin onto cold-rolled low-carbon thin steel sheets such as 08F to produce steel sheets with a thickness of 0.15–0.50 mm. Since the tin plating has a high resistance to corrosion in contact with air, and especially various foods, and since tin forms tin compounds with food that are generally non-toxic and harmless to the human body, tin plates have a shiny and attractive surface, and are easy to coat and print on. Therefore, it is widely used to manufacture packaging containers for foods, candies, tea, seasonings, as well as paints, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. The method for calculating the thickness of tinplate differs from that of other thin sheets; its thickness is expressed using a grade number, which is obtained by multiplying the average thickness in millimeters within a certain range by 100. For example, grade 40 indicates a tinplate thickness ranging from 0.36 to 0.44 mm. The standard dimensions of tinplate sheets are 508*712 mm (equivalent to 20 inches*38 inches). Sheets of sizes 26, 28, and 32 are packed in boxes of 112 sheets each, while those of sizes 36, 45, and 50 are packed in boxes containing 56 or 84 sheets. The main requirements for tinplate are a uniform tin plating layer and good stamping formability. In addition to the aforementioned coated steel sheets, aluminum-coated, chromium-coated, and organically coated steel sheets are also seeing rapid development. Steel strip: Also known as strip steel, it is actually a thin, narrow sheet of steel with a long length, and is usually supplied in rolls. Compared to steel plates, it has advantages such as high dimensional accuracy, good surface quality, and ease of use. It is widely used in the production of welded steel pipes and cold-formed steel billets, as well as in the manufacture of bicycle frames, wheel rims, clamps, washers, spring sheets, cable armor, saw blades, cutting tools, and packaging metal sheets. The classification of steel strips is similar to that of thin steel plates: Hot-rolled ordinary steel strips: These are produced by hot rolling ordinary carbon structural steel or low-alloy structural steel, and are primarily used as raw materials for welded pipes, cold-formed steel profiles, and cold-rolled strips. It is divided into ordinary carbon steel strips, low-alloy steel strips, ordinary carbon slitted steel strips, and low-alloy slitted steel strips. Slit steel strips are produced by cutting coiled steel sheets longitudinally or to a certain width. Cold-rolled plain steel strip: Made by cold rolling plain steel. These include ordinary carbon steel strips, low-alloy steel strips, ordinary carbon bright steel strips, ordinary carbon slitting steel strips, low-alloy slitting steel strips, trolley steel strips, packing steel strips, flashlight steel strips, hose steel strips, and cable steel strips. It is mainly used in the production of various structural components and specialized products. Hot-rolled high-quality steel strips: Steel strips manufactured by hot rolling various high-quality steels. Commonly used ones include watch spring steel strips, watch case steel strips, chromium-aluminum steel strips, etc. Cold-rolled high-quality steel strips: Made by cold rolling various high-quality steels, including carbon structural steel strips, tape measure steel strips, mechanical chain steel strips, carbon tool steel strips, alloy structural steel strips, spring steel strips, alloy tool steel strips, ball bearing steel strips, stainless steel strips, high-speed tool steel strips, pure iron steel strips, silicon steel strips, nickel-chromium steel strips, and precision alloy steel strips. Its uses are similar to those of high-quality thin steel plates. Coated steel strips: include galvanized strips, tin-plated strips, galvanized cable strips, tin-plated cable strips, and painted cable strips. The size of steel strips is expressed as thickness * width. Higher precision is required for these sizes; in particular, cold-rolled steel strips are classified into various categories based on manufacturing precision, edge condition, surface condition, delivery condition, mechanical properties, and surface color. It is necessary to consult the relevant regulations carefully according to the requirements when using them. Silicon steel sheets for electrical use: Also known as silicon steel or ferrosilicon steel, they are made by hot-rolling or cold-rolling electrical steel containing 0.8-4.8% silicon. Among them, cold-rolled electrical silicon steel sheets have a smooth surface, uniform thickness, and a high packing factor; they also exhibit lower hysteresis loss and higher magnetic induction intensity compared to hot-rolled sheets. In particular, cold-rolled oriented electrical silicon steel sheets have even higher magnetic induction intensity and lower hysteresis loss. Therefore, using cold-rolled electrical silicon steel sheets to manufacture motors and transformers can reduce their weight and volume by 10–25% compared to those made from hot-rolled sheets. Hot-rolled electrical silicon steel sheets are divided into those used in motors and those used in transformers; the thickness of the silicon steel sheets for motors is 0.35, 0.50, and 1.00 mm ； The thickness of the transformer silicon steel sheets is 0.10, 0.20, 0.35, 0.50 mm. Abundant supply. Cold-rolled electrical silicon steel sheets include oriented silicon steel sheets, non-oriented silicon steel sheets, and DW material. The common thicknesses of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheets used in motors are 0.35 and 0.50 mm, and they are supplied in rolls; their silicon content is generally low ； The common thicknesses of cold-rolled oriented silicon steel sheets used in transformers are 0.20, 0.30, 0.35, and 0.50 mm, and they generally have a high silicon content. In addition to motors and transformers, electrical silicon steel sheets are also essential magnetic materials for electrical instruments and other electrical devices in the power and telecommunications industries.