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This post was last edited by hesonchang214 on 2020-4-9 09:02. 1. Ion valence: The desalination efficiency increases as the ion valence increases; the desalination efficiency of divalent and trivalent salts is higher than that of monovalent salts. 2. Molecular size: The desalination rate increases as the molecular diameter increases. 3. Raw water temperature: As the raw water temperature increases, the desalination rate improves due to the decrease in water viscosity. 4. Raw water concentration: As the raw water concentration increases, the desalination rate decreases. 5. Work pressure: As work pressure increases, the desalination rate rises slightly but not significantly. 6. pH value: Under acidic conditions, the membrane is less likely to become clogged, but the desalination efficiency decreases. 7. Dissolved gases: Soluble gases can easily penetrate in their free state, without the removal of CO2, SO2, O2, Cl2, H2S, etc. 8. Hydrogen bond trend: For compounds that contain strong hydrogen bonds, the removal rate is very low, such as water, phenols, and ammonia; it is for this reason that it is possible to remove impurities and dissolved substances from water, thereby achieving separation of water from other substances. 9. Organic matter: Organic substances in water can contaminate the membrane; the more organic matter there is, the more likely the membrane’s performance to deteriorate. 10. Water hardness: The higher the water hardness, the more likely the membrane is to become clogged. For water with high hardness, it should first be softened to reduce its hardness before undergoing reverse osmosis. 11. Solid particles: Solid particles cause significant damage to reverse osmosis membranes, and pre-treatment is necessary. 12. Microorganisms: Microorganisms and bacteria in water can cause damage to membranes, so pretreatment is necessary. 13. Oxides: Metal oxides cannot be removed on their own when they enter reverse osmosis systems; they must be removed regularly using chemical agents.