Thread Content
Key points to note and protective measures for construction during the rainy season: For work in rainy conditions, prevention should be the top priority, following the general principle of \"ensuring proper drainage, water containment, and waterproofing.\" Rainproof coverings should be used, along with drainage systems that involve pumping water from within the excavation pits into external rainwater drains, as well as enhanced drainage measures at the drains located around the excavation pits, so as to ensure normal construction activities throughout the rainy season without being affected by the seasonal climate. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that indoor work can proceed without disruption during the rainy season, while outdoor work can continue in light rain; construction should be suspended during heavy rain. Once the rain stops, engineering staff shall conduct inspections, and work can resume if everything is fine, with no disruption occurring after severe storms. http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2020-05-26/5695870363cb38b3e006b3d2c88692c8.jpg When carrying out construction during the rainy season, the following key points should be taken into account. Foundation pit support (1): Excess soil piled up along the ditch should be removed before the flood season to reduce the pressure on the slope top. (2) After rain, it is necessary to promptly inspect the slopes of pits, trenches, and ditches as well as the retaining support structures. A dedicated person should be assigned to measure deep foundation pits and monitor the condition of the slopes. If any signs of danger such as cracks in the slopes, looseness, or damage to the support structures are detected, measures should be taken immediately to address them. (3) Strengthen monitoring around the foundation pit; in particular, projects located near rivers or lakes should be equipped with sufficient drainage facilities such as submersible pumps to ensure timely drainage and prevent the collapse of the foundation pit. Concrete work (1) Before pouring concrete, it is necessary to check whether there is any water accumulated inside the formwork for slabs and walls; if there is water, it must be removed before concrete is poured. (2) It is necessary to strengthen the measurement of the moisture content in the coarse and fine aggregates of concrete, as well as to pay attention to its slump, in order to adjust the water amount in a timely manner. (3) A large amount of rainproof materials should be prepared at the concrete pouring site; in case of heavy rain, concrete pouring must be stopped immediately, and the poured areas should be covered promptly. Reinforcement work (1): When storing the reinforcement cage, its bottom should be raised off the ground, and its top and sides should be covered to prevent rusting due to rain, fog, and other moisture. (2) The fabricated rebar cage should be placed firmly on a solid and level surface, with the stacking height not exceeding 2m, to prevent deformation or collapse due to rainwater, which could cause injury. (3) Welding of steel bars and butt jointing shall not be carried out when it is raining; if it is necessary to do so, the construction work must be moved indoors. (4) Lifting operations are strictly prohibited in conditions of thunderstorms and strong winds (force 6 or above). Scaffolding work (1): Stop the erection and dismantling of scaffolds in case of severe weather conditions such as heavy rain, high temperatures, thunderstorms, and strong winds. (2) After storms, heavy rain, and other such weather conditions, personnel should be organized to check the scaffolding for any signs of shaking or deformation. In case of tilting, sinking, loose connection elements, displacement of joint connections, falling safety nets, or loose ropes, these issues must be addressed promptly. (3) Scaffolding must be erected based on load calculations, and supervisors must conduct inspections from time to time; any safety hazards identified must be addressed immediately. Masonry work (1): During construction in the actual rainy season, bricks and other materials must be stored in piles, and watering should be avoided. (2) The building height shall not exceed 1 m. When constructing the wall, dry and wet bricks should be used in a proper combination, and after completion of the masonry, a layer of dry bricks should be placed on top of the wall to prevent heavy rain from washing away the mortar, thereby ensuring safety and effectiveness. It cannot be applied to the wall if the bricks are too moist. (3) During masonry work, the interior and exterior walls should be constructed simultaneously as much as possible. At the same time, construction should continue after the rain, and the verticality and elevation of the completed masonry should be checked again; the mortar joints in the masonry should be inspected, and necessary remedial actions should be taken in areas that have been severely affected by rainwater. When constructing during the rainy season, the following protective measures should be taken. Electrical power for construction (1) Strictly implement all safety measures related to temporary electrical use in accordance with the \"Technical Specifications for Safety of Temporary Electrical Installations at Construction Sites\". (2) Various electrical equipment used outdoors should be placed in a dry location with higher humidity levels. (3) The main distribution box, sub-distribution boxes, and switch boxes must have reliable rain protection measures, and welding machines should be equipped with protective rain covers. (4) During the rainy season, it is necessary to check whether the neutral and ground protection measures for electrical equipment on site are secure, whether the leakage protection devices are sensitive, and whether the insulation connections of the wires are in good condition. (5) Before the arrival of hazardous conditions such as heavy rain, all power sources at the construction site, except those used for lighting, drainage, and emergency rescue, should be turned off. (6) Elevated facilities at construction sites such as tower cranes, construction elevators, and tall metal scaffolds that are higher than buildings shall be equipped with lightning protection systems in accordance with the regulations, if they are outside the protection range of the lightning protection systems of adjacent buildings and structures. Temporary arrangements: (1) During construction in the rainy season, a flood control and emergency response team should be established under the leadership of the project production manager, with emergency plans formulated to ensure preparedness and safe construction. (2) Before the rainy season, temporary buildings and similar structures should be inspected and repaired to prevent leaks, electrical faults, and other safety hazards. (3) The materials, equipment, and other supplies required during the rainy season (such as water pumps, suction hoses, grass bags, plastic sheets, tarpaulins, etc.) are prepared in advance by the Materials and Equipment Department, which ensures their timely delivery to the site. Equipment such as water pumps should be inspected and maintained in advance. Work at heights (1) Workers who perform tasks at heights must receive professional training and hold appropriate certificates before starting work, and they must operate in strict accordance with relevant standards. (2) Workers should be equipped with safety gear such as helmets and safety belts, and these items must meet specified quality standards; they should also be inspected regularly, with any substandard items being removed. The following monitoring tasks should also be carried out during construction in the rainy season. During construction in the rainy season, the following aspects should be primarily monitored: (1) Whether there are cracks or depressions in the concrete of the retaining wall cap ； (2) Are there any deformations, cracks, or displacements in the retaining wall shotcrete? ； (3) Check whether there is water accumulation and displacement at the base of the retaining wall. At the same time, regular inspections should be carried out daily with proper recording. In the event of any danger, it must be reported immediately to the supervising engineer, and construction work beneath the retaining wall should be halted. The contractors responsible for the retaining wall, as well as the supervisors and project owners, should be notified right away to handle the situation; work can resume only after the danger has been eliminated. If the drainage ditches outside the retaining wall are damaged or blocked, they must be repaired and cleared promptly, and water accumulated at the base of the retaining wall should be drained immediately. Throughout the construction process, cracks and deformations in the adjacent surface and features should be continuously monitored. Under normal circumstances, minor cracks appearing on the surface can be considered normal, but it is necessary to closely monitor their development and take appropriate corrective actions in a timely manner. When the cracks start to develop and extend at an accelerating rate, it is necessary to halt the original construction process, adjust the support parameters, and reinforce the structure promptly. During construction, when the ratio of the lateral displacement at the top of the foundation pit to the current excavation depth exceeds 1‰ (or exceeds the displacement calculated for the retaining structure design), close monitoring should be carried out, and reinforcement measures for the support system should be taken promptly; if necessary, other support methods should be employed. Furthermore, what precautions should be taken when there is an urgent need to meet a deadline and work has to be carried out in the rain or through water? How should equipment be parked and maintained during shutdowns? Working in the rain is not advisable, but in situations where there is light rain or showers and the project deadline must be met urgently, it is often unavoidable. At this time, it is necessary to pay attention to observing the surrounding working environment and check whether the construction site is soft enough to cause the vehicle to sink. You can try poking around with a bamboo pole to explore the terrain, and if the mud is too deep and there is a risk of the vehicle getting stuck, you should stop work immediately. Due to the powerful engine of the excavator, heavy-duty operations inevitably increase the pressure on the ground. During construction, if it is detected that the vehicle body is sinking, work must be stopped immediately; a support point should be found to use the boom to support the vehicle body and prevent further sinking, and the equipment should be moved to a safe area. During night construction, the excavator’s front and rear headlights, work lights, top light, instrument lights, wipers, etc. must remain in proper working condition to ensure construction safety. Ensure an adequate supply of fuel before the construction is completed, so that it is possible to evacuate the work area at any time in case of an emergency. If working in mountainous areas, it is essential to keep a close eye on the situation before heavy rains arrive. Check whether the mountain is fragmented, and whether there is any unreasonable excavation, dumping of soil, waste materials, or quarrying; also inspect to ensure that the vegetation is properly attached. Experienced pilots are often able to determine from these details whether there is a risk of landslides, collapses, or mudslides in the mountains, and take preventive measures in advance. In principle, excavators should avoid wading through water during construction; if it is necessary to do so, ensure that the water level does not exceed the center of the upper counterweight wheel. If the water level rises above the ring gear, be sure to replace the lubricant inside the gear ring in a timely manner. When working in water, do not allow the excavator’s tilt angle to exceed 15° to prevent damage to the radiator fan. The track tensioning cylinder also needs to be adjusted regularly to adjust its tightness, and the sediment on it should be removed to prevent rusting of the cylinder. If equipment needs to be taken across a river, it is essential to test the water level in advance to avoid significant losses caused by flooding. When working in dry riverbeds, it is necessary to move to the shore as soon as possible before it starts to rain, to prevent equipment from being flooded by heavy rains upstream or by water released from power stations. Heavy rain is usually accompanied by strong winds; machines used in urban areas should be parked away from large trees, utility poles, walls, temporary or dilapidated buildings, etc., to prevent them from being damaged by falling objects. Work stops in rainy weather, and there are also specific requirements for storing equipment when it rains. If the storage conditions permit, it is best to keep the excavator in a dry indoor area and clean off any dirt and debris from the machine. When parking outdoors, make sure to check that the fuel tank and hydraulic oil tank lids are properly closed to prevent rainwater from seeping in and causing unnecessary problems. When parking, retract all cylinders as much as possible; if any cylinder barrels are exposed, apply grease to them for enhanced protection. Rainy days when work is suspended are a good time for maintenance; you can take this opportunity to give the machine a thorough inspection, repair or replace worn parts, clean the surface of the radiator, lubricate all lubrication points, and so on ； When rainy weather persists for an extended period, the battery should be removed, fully charged, and stored in a dry and safe place ； If it cannot be removed, the main power switch should still be turned off, and the battery cables should be disconnected as much as possible. http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2020-05-26/b8e039e94651099d06471379ccecb825.jpg In short, during construction in the rainy season, it is necessary to strengthen management at the construction site, provide regular professional training as well as safety education for the workers, in order to raise their awareness of safety. Only by always giving top priority to safety work can we ensure a \"zero-accident\" project.