Differences between oriented silicon steel and non-oriented silicon steel

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01 Different properties: Oriented silicon steel: Also known as cold-rolled transformer steel, it is an important ferrosilicon alloy used in the manufacturing of transformers (cores). 　　Non-oriented silicon steel: Non-oriented silicon steel is a ferrosilicon alloy with very low carbon content; in the steel sheets resulting from deformation and annealing, its grains are distributed in a random orientation. 02 Different characteristics: Oriented silicon steel has a strong directional magnetic property; its iron loss is lowest in the rolling direction, its permeability is highest there, and it exhibits a high magnetic flux density under a certain magnetization field. Oriented silicon steel has a silicon content of about 3%, requires a low level of oxide inclusions in the steel, and must also contain certain inhibitors (MnS, AlN). 　　Non-oriented silicon steel: Non-oriented silicon steel is an iron-silicon alloy containing 0.8%-4.8% silicon, which is rolled thermally and coldly to produce thin silicon steel sheets with a thickness of less than 1 mm. Adding silicon can increase the resistivity and maximum magnetic permeability of iron, while reducing coercivity, core loss (hysteresis loss), and magnetic aging. 03 Different production processes: Oriented silicon steel is produced by melting in oxygen converters; the steel billet undergoes hot rolling, normalizing, cold rolling, intermediate annealing, and secondary cold rolling to reach the desired thickness. It is then subjected to decarburization annealing and high-temperature annealing, and finally coated with an insulating layer. 　　Non-oriented silicon steel: Pre-desulfurization of molten iron, followed by secondary desulfurization during converter refining by adding fluxes such as CaO+CaF2 or rare earth elements along with calcium. The boiling molten steel is decarburized through vacuum treatment and then further desulfurized. Silicon ferroalloys with low titanium and zirconium contents are used for alloying. Cold-rolled silicon steel sheets, grain-oriented and non-grain-oriented steel strips. Grain-oriented cold-rolled strips are typically used as cores in motors or welding transformers, etc ； Grain-oriented cold-rolled strips are used as cores for power transformers, pulse transformers, and magnetic amplifiers, among others. Cold-rolled oriented thin silicon steel strips are produced by taking oriented silicon steel strips with a thickness of 0.30 or 0.35 mm, and then subjecting them to pickling, cold rolling, and annealing. Cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheets are produced by hot-rolling steel billets or continuous casting slabs into strips with a thickness of about 2.3 mm. Cold-rolled electrical steel strips feature a smooth surface, uniform thickness, a high lamination coefficient, and good formability. Moreover, they have a higher magnetic permeability and lower iron loss compared to hot-rolled electrical steel strips. Using cold-rolled strips instead of hot-rolled strips in the manufacture of motors or transformers can reduce their weight and volume by 0%-25%. Using cold-rolled oriented strips yields better performance; replacing hot-rolled strips or lower-grade cold-rolled strips with them can reduce the electrical energy consumption of transformers by 45%-50%, while also improving the reliability of their operation. Definition of non-oriented silicon steel sheets: Non-oriented silicon steel sheets are those that possess a crystalline structure with a non-oriented deformed texture, as resulting from a specific manufacturing process.