Types and working principles of pipeline filters

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1. The Y-type filter belongs to the category of coarse pipeline filters; it can be used to filter out large particles in liquids, gases, or other media. Installed in pipelines, it removes larger solid impurities from the fluid, enabling machinery and equipment (including compressors, pumps, etc.) as well as instruments to function properly. This helps to maintain a stable processing process and ensures safe production. When the fluid enters the filter cartridge equipped with a filter screen of specified specifications, impurities are trapped, while the clean filtrate is discharged from the filter outlet. When cleaning is required, the removable filter cartridge simply needs to be taken out, cleaned, and then reinstalled, making it extremely convenient to use and maintain. 2. Installation and maintenance: (1) The Y-type filter can be installed horizontally or vertically; the inlet and outlet directions should match the arrow directions indicated on the valve body. (2) After the filter has been in use for a while, certain impurities accumulate inside the filter element, which leads to an increase in pressure drop and a decrease in flow rate. It is necessary to remove these impurities from the filter element promptly. (3) When cleaning the impurities, special care must be taken to ensure that the stainless steel wire mesh in the filter element does not get deformed or damaged; otherwise, the purity of the filtered fluid will not meet the required standards, and equipment such as compressors, pumps, and instruments can be damaged. (4) If the stainless steel wire mesh is found to be deformed or damaged, it must be replaced immediately. II. Basket strainers
1. A basket strainer mainly consists of nozzles, a cylinder body, a filter basket, flanges, flange covers, and fasteners. Installed on pipelines, it removes larger solid impurities from the fluid, enabling machinery and equipment (including compressors, pumps, etc.) as well as instruments to function properly, thus ensuring a stable process flow and safeguarding safe production. When the liquid enters the filter basket through the cylinder, solid impurity particles are trapped inside the filter basket, while the clean fluid passes through the filter basket and is discharged from the filter outlet. When cleaning is required, unscrew the plug at the bottom of the main pipe to drain the fluid, remove the flange cover, clean it, and then reinstall it. Therefore, it is extremely convenient to use and maintain. 2. Installation and maintenance: (1) Basket filters are generally installed horizontally, with the inlet and outlet directions matching the arrow directions on the valve body. (2) After the filter has been in use for a while, certain impurities accumulate within the filter element, which causes an increase in pressure drop and a decrease in flow rate; it is therefore necessary to remove these impurities from the filter element promptly. (3) When cleaning impurities, special care must be taken to ensure that the stainless steel wire mesh on the filter element does not get deformed or damaged; otherwise, the purity of the filtered medium will not meet the design requirements, and equipment such as compressors, pumps, and instruments can be damaged. (4) If any deformation or damage to the stainless steel wire mesh is detected, it must be replaced immediately.
III. T-type filters
1. T-type filters belong to the category of coarse pipeline filters; they can also be used for filtering large particles from gases or other media. Installed in pipelines, they remove larger solid impurities from fluids, enabling machinery and equipment (including compressors, pumps, etc.) and instruments to function properly. This helps to stabilize the process and ensure safe production. When the fluid enters the filter cartridge equipped with a filter screen of specified specifications, impurities are trapped, while the clean filtrate is discharged from the filter outlet. When cleaning is required, the removable filter cartridge simply needs to be taken out, cleaned, and then reinstalled, making it extremely convenient to use and maintain. T-type filters come in straight-flow and baffled types. Baffled T-type filters are generally installed at right-angle junctions in pipelines. They feature a small footprint, easy cleaning, and cost-effectiveness. 2. Installation and maintenance: (1) When installing the T-type filter, the inlet and outlet directions must be in line with the arrow directions on the valve body. (2) After the filter has been in use for a while, certain impurities accumulate within the filter element, which causes an increase in pressure drop and a decrease in flow rate; it is therefore necessary to remove these impurities from the filter element promptly. (3) When cleaning impurities, special care must be taken to ensure that the stainless steel wire mesh on the filter element does not get deformed or damaged; otherwise, the purity of the filtered medium will not meet the design requirements, and equipment such as compressors, pumps, and instruments can be damaged. (4) If the stainless steel wire mesh is found to be deformed or damaged, it must be replaced immediately. IV. Deaeration Filter 1. The deaeration filter is an accessory device for flow meters; it functions to remove air bubbles and filter out solid impurities from the liquid, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy of the flow meter and extending its service life. The gas-containing liquid flows from the inlet through the degassing filter; it then comes into contact with the damping cylinder. The gas trapped in the liquid rises to the interior of the degassing filter’s housing. As the amount of gas increases, the pressure of gas inside the filter’s housing rises, causing the liquid level to drop. As a result, the float sinks and opens the valve. The gas gathered inside the housing is discharged through a valve. Once a certain amount of gas has been released, the pressure inside the degassing filter drops, causing the float to rise and thereby closing the connected valve. At the same time, impurities in the pipeline are filtered by the filter mesh, while the clean liquid flows toward the flow meter. Through this repeated process, impurities and gases in the liquid are continuously filtered out and removed, ensuring long-term safe and accurate measurement by the flow meter. 2. Installation and maintenance: (1) The degassing filter should be installed vertically in front of the flow meter, with the flow direction matching the arrow indicated on the housing. (2) Before use, the exhaust valve should be opened first to ensure that the air in the fluid can be discharged smoothly before it enters the flow meter. (3) The filter should be cleaned regularly to reduce pressure loss and ensure effective filtration. (4) It is normal for a small amount of oil and gas bubbles to emerge from the exhaust filter. When these bubbles affect the surrounding environment, a hose can be connected to the outlet of the exhaust valve to direct the oil and gas bubbles into an oil collection tank. (5) If a large amount of oil sprays out, this is an abnormal condition; the exhaust valve of the degassing filter must be closed, as well as the valves upstream and downstream. The degassing filter then needs to be disassembled for maintenance. V. Hand-cranked brush-type filter: 1. The hand-cranked brush-type filter is a semi-automatic cleaning filter that uses brushes and brush holders built into the filter’s mesh to remove dirt, impurities, and other particles from the mesh, which are then discharged through a waste valve. Its biggest advantage is that cleaning can be carried out while the filter is in operation, without interrupting the flow and thus without affecting the normal functioning of the equipment. The manual brush filter is suitable for various water supply systems, process water systems, and industrial cooling water systems, especially those that operate continuously 24 hours a day without interruption. It can remove various mechanical impurities from the water, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the system’s equipment. This filter features a rational design and high-quality materials; its housing is made of premium carbon steel, although stainless steel can also be used upon the customer’s request ； The organic brushes consist of inorganic materials (which feature good elasticity, high strength, and excellent corrosion and aging resistance) and a stainless steel brush holder ； The filter screen is a carefully crafted stainless steel wedge-shaped mesh with a sophisticated design, making it very easy to remove debris from. Its filtering and cleaning performance is **superior to that of perforated or woven meshes, and the bristles used for cleaning it are not easily damaged. When the pressure difference indicated by the inlet and outlet pressure gauges reaches 0.04 MPa, it is necessary to open the drain valve and manually turn the handle gently to discharge the waste fluid ； Continue until the discharged water becomes clear, then close the discharge valve to complete the discharge process. Throughout the entire wastewater discharge process, the system can operate normally without the need for shutdown. 2. Installation and maintenance: (1) The hand-cranked brush filter can be installed horizontally or vertically. When installing it, it is important to ensure that the direction indicated by the arrows on the housing matches the direction of the water flow; when installed vertically, the water flow should be from top to bottom. (2) When a certain pressure difference is reached, the scrubbing filter screen needs to be rotated. (3) If any damage to the filter screen or brush is found, they must be replaced immediately. VI. Dual-switching filters
1. Dual-switching filters, also known as parallel-switching filters, utilize two three-way ball valves to assemble two single-tank filters on a single frame. This design allows for continuous operation without the need to halt the production line during filter cleaning; thus, they are the preferred choice for filtration systems in non-stop production lines. The dual-switching filters produced by our company boast advantages such as rational assembly, excellent structural design, and ease of operation. 2. Installation and maintenance: (1) The dual-filter unit should be installed horizontally, with water entering from the top and exiting from the bottom. (2) After the filter has been in operation for a while, a large amount of impurities will accumulate in the filter basket, resulting in an increase in pressure drop and a decrease in flow rate; it is necessary to immediately switch to another tank for filtration. (3) When cleaning impurities, special care must be taken to ensure that the stainless steel wire mesh on the filter element does not get deformed or damaged; otherwise, the purity of the filtered medium will not meet the design requirements, and equipment such as compressors, pumps, and instruments can be damaged. (4) If the stainless steel wire mesh is found to be deformed or damaged, it must be replaced immediately. VII. Backwash Filter 1. The backwash filter is easy to operate and manage, features a high filtration speed, simple and reliable cleaning processes, strong backwashing capability, requires no power source, and is energy-efficient. Flushing for waste discharge can operate at full flow, maintaining a high flow rate in the system while simultaneously resulting in a very low pressure drop (less than 0.05–0.1 meters of water column), thus preventing surface contamination caused by low flow speeds. No high-bypass management is required during installation, which reduces the investment and installation costs associated with the three bypass valves. It can be installed directly on the pipeline network without any support structures, thus saving space. There is no need to perform drainage by disassembly, which reduces labor intensity and eliminates the need for disassembly and drainage during commissioning and maintenance; this saves labor, effort, and time. 2. Working principle: (1) Operation of the backwash filter during normal filtration. When in normal operation, the water flow direction valve is in the open position; the water to be treated passes through the filter screen, and due to the principle of inertia, the small particles and suspended solids in the water settle near the waste discharge outlet. (2) Backwash filter – flushing for waste removal. During normal flushing, the water flow direction valve is in the open position. When the filter captures a certain amount of fine particulate impurities and suspended solids in the water, the valve on the waste discharge port is opened, and under the force of the water flow, the impurities stuck in the collection section of the filter are washed away until the discharged water becomes clear. Then close the filter on the waste outlet to return to normal operation. (3) Backwash filter – During backwashing and sludge discharge, the water flow reversal valve remains closed while the discharge valve is open. Under these conditions, water is forced to enter from the mesh openings at the inlet section of the filter screen into the space between the outer side of the filter cylinder and the housing. It then flows in the reverse direction along the outer surface of the screen to wash away any impurities adhering to the mesh, thereby cleaning the filter screen. Due to the closed steering valve, the water flow rate increases after passing through the backflow valve, resulting in an effective backwashing effect. 3. Installation and maintenance: (1) It is installed directly on the product pipeline without any supporting structures; generally, it is placed near the equipment to be protected. (2) The rinsing can be carried out in two stages. The first step is the cleaning and waste discharge phase: open the waste discharge valve for about 30 seconds, depending on the amount of debris in the pipes, to allow the debris to be discharged through the waste outlet ； The second is the backwashing phase: the drain valve remains open, and the water flow reversal valve is opened for about 30 seconds to backwash and remove any residues adhering to the filter screen. VIII. Fully automatic backwashing filters
1. Due to their high efficiency and convenience, fully automatic backwashing filters are widely used in industries such as drinking water, alcohol, oils, petroleum products, and chemicals. When a liquid containing solid impurities enters the filter through the inlet, the impurities get trapped on the surface of the filter elements. This results in an increase in pressure drop across the filter, greater filtration resistance, and a decrease in filtration efficiency. When the amount of impurities trapped reaches a certain level and the pressure difference across the filtering element reaches the set value, the pressure difference controller sends the corresponding signal to the electric valve actuator via the control cabinet; the electric valve then opens, and waste water is discharged under the action of hydraulic force or a motor. After a period of sewage discharge, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the filter decreases, and the electric valve automatically closes, thus completing the backwashing process. This process is repeated to achieve the filtering effect. The fully automatic flushing filters produced by our company can be customized according to the specific requirements of customers (pressure difference control, time control, manual control, etc.). 2. Automatic stripping system: After impurities clog the filter screen, the automatic stripping system is activated to scrape off the impurities on the surface of the screen. These impurities are collected in a sump located beneath the filter and eventually discharged through a drain outlet. 3. Control system: The activation of the self-cleaning device is controlled by a pressure difference sensor; when the pressure difference reaches a set value, the self-cleaning device starts, or it can also be activated at a set time. IX. Magnetic Filter 1. Magnetic filters are widely used in industries such as pigments, dyes, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, food, and plastics. They can effectively remove magnetic metal impurities during the transfer of liquid slurries, reduce the iron ion content in products, and improve product quality. It has the advantages of small size, light weight, and easy installation and operation. 2. Working principle: During the transportation of the liquid slurry, as it passes through the filter, the magnetic force exerted by the strong magnet rods causes the iron impurities in the slurry to be attracted to the sleeves of these magnets. This reduces the amount of iron impurities in the slurry, ensuring that the subsequent processing steps can effectively control the level of iron impurities. 2. Installation and maintenance: (1) Connect the interface of the magnetic filter to the slurry output pipeline, so that the slurry flows evenly through the filter; after a period of trial use, determine the cleaning interval. (2) During cleaning, first loosen the clamping screws on the cover, remove the sleeve cover component, and then pull out the magnetic rod. The ferrous impurities adhered to the sleeve will then fall off automatically. After cleaning and during installation, first insert the sleeve into the cylinder and tighten the clamping screws, then insert the magnet rod cover into the sleeve, and it can be used again. (3) During cleaning, the removed magnet rod cover should not be placed on metal objects to prevent damage to the magnet rod. (4) The magnet rod taken out must be placed in a clean area; there should be no water accumulation inside the magnet rod sleeve. X. Telescopic Rod Filter 1: The Y-type telescopic rod filter is a combination of a Y-type filter and a telescopic joint; it is mainly used in the water supply and drainage piping systems of high-rise buildings, multi-story buildings, or factories. It is typically installed at the inlet end of pressure reducing valves, pressure relief valves, level control valves, or other major equipment, to facilitate the removal of debris as well as installation and removal tasks, thereby ensuring the proper functioning of these valves and equipment. 2. Working principle: The filter is installed at the front of each associated valve in the water inlet pipeline. When the fluid in the pipeline first enters the filter, it passes through the filter screen and enters the connected valve, while impurities remain inside the filter tank. This prevents various valves from failing due to mechanical debris getting stuck in their seals. 3. Installation and maintenance: (1) The strainer can be installed horizontally or vertically; the direction of the inlet and outlet must be consistent with the arrow indicated on the valve body. (2) After the filter has been in use for a while, certain impurities accumulate within the filter element, which causes an increase in pressure drop and a decrease in flow rate; it is therefore necessary to remove these impurities from the filter element promptly. (3) When cleaning impurities, special care must be taken to ensure that the stainless steel wire mesh on the filter element does not get deformed or damaged; otherwise, the purity of the filtered medium will not meet the design requirements, and equipment such as compressors, pumps, and instruments can be damaged. (4) If the stainless steel wire mesh is found to be deformed or damaged, it must be replaced immediately. In the presence of impurities, special attention must be paid to ensuring that the stainless steel wire mesh on the filter element does not deform or get damaged; otherwise, the purity of the filtered medium will not meet the design requirements, and equipment such as compressors, pumps, and instruments can be damaged. XI. Oxygen Filter 1. The oxygen filter is a special type of filter designed for use in oxygen production systems. It consists of a diversion cone and a filtering mesh tube; the force exerted by the water flow is used to distribute the gas, thereby preventing the filtering mesh from being damaged as a result of direct pressure. Gas filters are widely used in industrial production for filtering gases such as air, nitrogen, oxygen, etc. An oxygen filter is a special type of filter designed for use in oxygen production systems; it consists of a diversion cone and a filter mesh. The thrust generated by the water flow serves to distribute the gas flow, thereby preventing the filter mesh from being damaged due to direct pressure. 2. Scope of application: Oxygen filters are widely used for gas filtration in industrial production areas, such as the filtration of gases like air, nitrogen, and oxygen, to ensure the safe operation of subsequent equipment. 3. Structural characteristics: The STG-A type is of the straight-through type and suitable for use in straight pipes, while the STG-B type is of the corner-connected type and particularly suitable for use at pipe bends. Both types feature a large filtering area and low pressure loss. This product is processed strictly according to the degreasing process at the time of manufacture, allowing users to install it directly on pipelines. 4. Installation and maintenance: (1) Oxygen filters should generally be installed horizontally, with the inlet and outlet directions matching the arrow indications on the valve body; the pipes should be purged thoroughly before installation. (2) After the filter has been in use for a while, certain impurities accumulate within the filter element, which causes an increase in pressure drop and a decrease in flow rate; it is therefore necessary to remove these impurities from the filter element promptly. (3) When cleaning impurities, special care must be taken to ensure that the stainless steel wire mesh on the filter element does not get deformed or damaged; otherwise, the purity of the filtered medium will not meet the design requirements, and equipment such as compressors, pumps, and instruments can be damaged. XII. Temporary Filter: Used for temporary filtering; it belongs to the category of standard filters. When placing an order, it is necessary to specify to the manufacturer the product name, nominal diameter, material, pressure rating, flange standard, filtration accuracy, etc.