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Key quality control points for the design, manufacturing, and installation of reaction vessels----Internal component installation, cleaning, and sealing

2025-05-28View Original

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VIII. Installation of internal components 1. Before installing the internal components of the equipment, it is necessary to carry out thorough cleaning and inspection once again in accordance with the requirements of the construction drawings or technical documents. If pressure testing is required for the cleaned and inspected components, individual pressure tests must be conducted as specified in the design drawings; only after passing these tests and having the components thoroughly cleaned can they be installed. 2. To avoid installation difficulties that may arise from manufacturing errors in the internal components, these components should be pre-assembled. After verifying that the overall error of the components meets the requirements specified in the drawings, marks should be made at each joint where the components meet. 3. When installing the spraying device, check the size of the spray nozzles to ensure that they are not blocked. The nozzle should be installed firmly, with a center deviation not exceeding ±2 millimeters. 4. When installing the catalyst cylinder and the internal heat exchanger of the reactor, the following requirements must be met: 1) After the catalyst cylinder and the internal heat exchanger are connected, the coupling bolts should be tightened symmetrically and evenly. After the inner cylinders are aligned, the allowable deviation in their overall straightness shall not exceed 2 millimeters; 2) After the catalyst cylinder is installed in the equipment, the orientation of the outer cylinder and the temperature gauge tubes located between them must be adjusted. At the same time, adjust the coaxiality of the inner and outer cylinders, with the maximum allowable deviation not exceeding ±2 millimeters; 3) Check whether the expansion gap of the temperature gauge tube and the distance between the inner cylinder and the upper cover meet the requirements specified in the design drawings; 4) When installing the catalyst cylinder, ensure that no debris falls inside it. 5. Within the reactor equipment, the installation of electric heaters shall comply with the following provisions: 1) Before installation, check the insulation, voltage resistance, and temperature rise characteristics of the electric heater to ensure they meet the requirements specified in the design drawings or technical documents; 2) Before testing the electric heater, it must first be cleaned thoroughly and its appearance inspected. Check the tightness of all connections, whether there is any damage to the welds, and whether the insulating materials are intact; 3) After drying the electric heater itself and its components separately, a single-unit insulation test can be carried out first, followed by a single-unit voltage withstand test. Only after these tests are successful can the components be assembled together; 4) After assembly, the straightness of the electric heater’s body should be checked, along with its overall insulation and voltage withstand tests; 5) The temperature rise test for the electric heater should be conducted in accordance with the requirements specified in the design drawings or technical documents. If no specific requirements are given, the test temperature can range from 800 to 900°C. The heater should be kept at this temperature for ten minutes, during which the following checks should be performed: 1) No local overheating or elongation of the heating wires; 2) The welds are in good condition; 3) There is no short circuit between the heating wires and the structural elements that bear weight; 4) The insulation is undamaged; 5) All electrical performance parameters meet the required standards; 6) The rate of temperature increase during the test should be slow, with an increase of less than 200°C per hour. After passing the test, cooling can begin, with the cooling rate also having to be less than 200°C per hour. The power supply can be turned off when the temperature drops to 300°C, after which it should cool down naturally; 7) Electric heaters that pass the tests must be stored properly, kept dry, and protected from contamination by acids, alkalis, oils, or dust; 8) Special safety measures should be in place during testing, with inspections carried out in the presence of qualified personnel, and corresponding records kept. 7. The installation of various level gauges shall be carried out in accordance with the design drawings and technical documentation requirements. 8. In addition to being carried out in accordance with the design drawings and technical documentation, the filling work inside the equipment shall comply with the following requirements: 1) The installation of the filler support devices shall be even and secure. The filler should be clean, free of sediment and dirt; 2) The filling process should be carried out after the equipment has passed its pressure test and has been thoroughly purged; 3) The filling should be even, and the height should meet the design requirements. IX. Cleaning, rinsing, and sealing 1. The equipment should be cleaned, rinsed, and purged before being sealed. 2. After flushing austenitic stainless steel equipment (or linings) with water, the water residues must be removed completely; if this cannot be achieved, the chloride content in the water used should be kept at no more than 25 ppm. 3. During purging, place white test paper or cloth 150-200 millimeters away from the gas outlet for inspection; if there are no oil spots, dust, or contaminants on the paper or cloth, it is considered acceptable.

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