What are the possible causes of internal leakage in the high and low pressure threaded lock ring heat exchangers of a hydrocracking unit? Are the chloride ions in the raw materials above the limit?
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What are the reasons for internal leakage in high and low pressure threaded lock ring heat exchangers?
The causes of internal leakage include damaged gaskets between the tube side and shell side, defects or cracks at the welds between the heat exchange tubes and the tube sheet, as well as corrosion-induced holes in the tube bundles. Is the material of the heat exchange tube stainless steel?
The internal leakage in threaded lock-ring heat exchangers is primarily determined by analyzing the properties of the oil products formed as a result of reactions in the tube side (such as sulfur and nitrogen content), while its failure is mainly manifested by the failure of the internal gasket in the shell side. There are many reasons for the failure of the internal gasket; process factors such as excessive differential pressure between the tube side and shell side, and high temperature of the medium can all lead to the failure of the internal gasket. Furthermore, quality issues with the gasket itself can also be one of the causes of internal leakage. Chloride corrosion can lead to corrosion and perforation of the tube bundle, resulting in internal leakage.