What are the reasons for poor heat exchange performance in cold boxes?
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The cold box has 1 stream of hot material and 5 streams of cold material. The flow rate, temperature, and pressure of the hot material are close to the design values. After heat exchange, 3 streams of the cold material have slightly lower temperatures, while 2 streams have very low temperatures. What is the reason for this? Is it caused by flow deviation?
Your question seems quite vague. Is the heat exchange inside the cold box mixed-type or partitioned-type? The incoming material temperature is set according to the feeding requirements, and the reason for its level should be sought in the incoming material itself. It is recommended to attach a flowchart with measurement points to this issue, to facilitate explanation by referring to the diagram. For reference.
It could be due to uneven flow or insufficient heat exchange area. If the flow channel for backflow is a two-phase flow, the lack of uniformity in that two-phase flow can also lead to poor heat transfer.