O-shaped ball valve and V-shaped ball valve

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The operating element of a ball valve is a circular ball core; it consists mainly of a valve seat, the ball itself, sealing rings, a valve stem, and other driving mechanisms. The valve is opened and closed by rotating the valve stem 90 degrees, and it is used in pipelines to shut off flow, distribute fluid, regulate flow rates, and change the direction of the medium. Different valve seat sealing types are used depending on the operating conditions. I. O-type ball valve: The interior of the O-type ball valve’s valve body contains a ball with an intermediate hole; this ball can rotate within the sealing seat, and ring-shaped elastic elements are located on each side of the pipeline to ensure sealing. The direction of the through-hole is changed by rotating the sphere, thereby enabling the opening and closing of the ball valve. O-type ball valves come in floating or fixed designs, and the moving parts are made of self-lubricating materials with a very low friction coefficient; as a result, the operating torque is low and the valve is easy to operate. The advantages of these valves are as follows: 1. Low fluid resistance – Ball valves generally have either a through-bore or reduced-bore design, and in either case, their flow resistance coefficient is relatively low. Conventional ball valves are of the straight-through type, also known as full-flow ball valves; the diameter of their flow channel is equal to the inner diameter of the pipeline, and the pressure loss is only that resulting from friction in a pipeline of the same length. Among all valves, this ball valve has the lowest fluid resistance. Generally, there are two ways to reduce the resistance in a piping system: one is to lower the fluid flow rate, by increasing the pipe diameter and the valve opening size, which will **increase the cost of the piping system**. Secondly, to reduce the local resistance of valves, a ball valve is the best choice. 2. The O-type ball valve operates quickly and conveniently. It only needs to be rotated 90 degrees to achieve full opening or full closing, thus allowing for rapid switching on and off. 3. Ball valves of the O-type have good sealing performance. The seat of the vast majority of ball valves is made from elastic materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and these valves are commonly referred to as soft-seal ball valves. Soft-sealed ball valves offer good sealing performance, and they also require low standards regarding the roughness and machining precision of their sealing surfaces. 4. The O-type ball valve has a long service life, as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE or F4) possesses good self-lubricating properties, resulting in a low friction coefficient with the ball. Improving the processing technique to reduce the roughness of the sphere can **increase the service life of the ball valve. 5. The O-type ball valve boasts high reliability; the sealing pair consisting of the ball and the seat does not suffer from issues such as abrasion or rapid wear ； By changing the valve stem to an internal type, the risk of the valve stem being ejected due to the loosening of the packing gland under fluid pressure is eliminated ； Ball valves with anti-static and fire-resistant structures can be used in pipelines for transporting oil, natural gas, and gas. The valve core (sphere) of a ball valve of type O is spherical in shape; structurally, when sealed, the sphere sits within the seat located on the side of the valve body. The moving parts in contact with each other are made of self-lubricating materials with an extremely low friction coefficient, resulting in low operating torque. Additionally, the long-term sealing effect of the sealing grease enhances operational flexibility. It is generally used for two-position control, with a fast-opening flow characteristic. When the O-type ball valve is fully open, it allows unobstructed flow on both sides, forming a straight pipe passage with bidirectional sealing; it boasts excellent \"self-cleaning\" properties and is suitable for two-position shut-off applications in particularly dirty environments with fibrous media. The ball core is in constant friction with the valve during its opening and closing processes. Meanwhile, the sealing between the valve core and the valve seat is achieved through a pre-sealing force exerted by the valve seat on the ball core; and thanks to the excellent mechanical and physical properties of the soft-sealing valve seat, its sealing performance is particularly good. II. V-Type Ball Valve: The ball core of a V-type ball valve features a V-shaped structure; it is a 1/4 sphere with V-shaped notches. This design provides high flow capacity, a wide range of adjustable settings, shear force, and tight sealing capabilities, making it particularly suitable for applications involving fluids with fibrous components. Under normal circumstances, V-type ball valves are single-seal ball valves. Installation requires a specific direction and is not suitable for use in both directions. V-shaped edge to cut off impurities. As the sphere rotates, its V-shaped cutting edge makes contact with the valve seat, thereby cutting off fibers and solid particles in the fluid without getting stuck by them. Furthermore, due to the use of flange connections, no special tools are required for disassembly and assembly, making maintenance simple and easy. When the valve is closed, a wedge-shaped shearing action is generated between the V-notch and the valve seat, which provides both self-cleaning functionality and prevents the ball core from getting stuck. The valve body, valve cover, and valve seat all feature a metal-to-metal contact structure; in addition, a valve stem spring with a low friction coefficient is used, resulting in low operating torque and high stability. A V-type ball valve features a right-angled rotating structure that enables flow regulation; the degree of regulation can be adjusted by changing the V-angle of the V-shaped ball. Such valves are typically used in combination with valve actuators and positioners to achieve proportional control. The V-shaped valve core is ideal for various regulation applications, offering a high rated flow coefficient, a large adjustable range, excellent sealing performance, low sensitivity to regulation changes, a compact size, and the ability to be installed either vertically or horizontally. Suitable for controlling media such as gases, vapors, and liquids. There is an inherent flow characteristic that is approximately in a 100:1 ratio ； It features a dual-bearing structure, resulting in low starting torque, excellent sensitivity and response speed, as well as strong shear capacity.