Analyzing the principle of the tensioning device in belt conveyors

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Belt conveyors are the most common types of equipment used for transporting materials. To ensure the effective completion of the material transfer task, it is necessary to maintain a certain level of tension in both the tight and loose sides of the conveyor belt. A common method is to cause the movable passive roller or something equivalent to it to move, thereby tensioning the conveyor belt. According to the principle of frictional drive in belt conveyors, in order to ensure their proper operation, it is necessary for the conveyor belt to have a certain tension at the separation point from the drive drum; the magnitude of this tension is adjusted by the tensioning device. Therefore, the tensioning device is required to be able to measure the belt tension and to automatically adjust it, so as to maintain an appropriate pre-tension of the conveyor belt at the separation point between the drive drums. The function of the belt conveyor tensioning device is to maintain the conveyor belt at the necessary tension to prevent slippage on the drive drum, and to ensure that the deflection of the conveyor belt between the idler rollers remains within specified limits. The included types include vertical tensioning devices, winch-type tensioning devices, fixed winch tensioning devices, movable winch tensioning devices, hydraulic automatic tensioning devices, etc. A hydraulic tensioning device can be used; such a device is composed of components such as a frame, jacks, traction chains, pushing levers, and pushing guides. The frame is fixed at the rear of the tape storage compartment; the push lever is connected to the piston rod of the jack in the middle, and its sides are connected to the traction chain via chain couplers; the lower part of the lever moves within the guide rails. The traction chain wraps around the moving trolley and sprocket; as the piston rod of the jack is moved forward, the moving trolley tightens accordingly. A specific structure can be used, or a hydraulic winch that pulls a trolley can serve as the tensioning device. The actuator of the hydraulic tensioning device for belt conveyors is a hydraulic winch. Hydraulic winches are compact in structure and possess high pulling force, offering significant advantages over electric winches. Under normal conditions, hydraulic winches are equipped with hydraulic locking brakes, which allow them to maintain tension reliably in the event of a loss of pressure, ensuring constant tension while the belt conveyor is operating properly. When it is necessary to adjust the tension, the pump station is activated to supply oil to the hydraulic motor, thereby allowing the tension of the hydraulic winch to be changed quickly. The hydraulic winch can be installed directly on the tape reeling frame, or a separate foundation can be provided. Due to its compact size, no additional tunnel space is required for the hydraulic tension winch.