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What problems are likely to occur during the running-in period of European-style double-girder cranes? 1. Faster wear rate: Due to factors such as the machining, assembly processes, and adjustments of the mechanical parts in new machinery and equipment, the friction surface is not smooth, the contact area between the mating surfaces is small, and the stress distribution on the surface is uneven. During the operation of machinery and equipment, the uneven surfaces of the parts grind against each other; the metal debris resulting from this friction acts as an abrasive, further accelerating the wear of the surfaces in contact between the parts. Therefore, during the running-in period, wear of components occurs very easily, and the wear rate is faster. At this time, if it operates under overload conditions, it is very likely to cause damage to the components and lead to failures. 2. Inadequate lubrication: Due to the small clearance between the components as a result of the new assembly process, and because of factors such as the assembly procedure, it is difficult to ensure uniformity in this clearance. As a result, lubricating oil (grease) cannot form a uniform oil film on the friction surfaces to prevent wear. This further reduces the lubrication performance, leading to premature abnormal wear of mechanical components. In severe cases, it can cause scratches on the friction surfaces or interlocking issues due to precise fitting, leading to malfunctions. 3. Loosening: Components made using new manufacturing and assembly processes have errors in their geometry and dimensions. In the early stages of use, due to alternating loads such as damage and vibration, as well as factors like heat and deformation, coupled with rapid wear, it is very easy for the originally tightened components to become loose. 4. Leakage occurs: Due to the loosening of mechanical components, vibrations, and the effects of heat on machinery, leakage can occur at the sealing surfaces of the equipment as well as at its pipe joints ； Some defects such as those related to casting and machining are difficult to detect during the adjustment of the assembly process; it is only under the effects of vibration and impact during operation that these defects become apparent, mainly manifesting as oil (or water) leakage. 5. Many operational errors: Due to a lack of understanding of the structural characteristics and performance of the machinery (especially among new operators), it is very easy for operational mistakes to lead to malfunctions or even mechanical accidents.