Thread Content
The corrosion mechanism of hydrogen sulfide has a severe impact on oil and gas fields in terms of equipment operation, production safety, the ecological environment, and economic benefits. First, it causes damage to equipment and assets: it leads to uniform thinning of pipe walls and localized pitting, as well as brittle fractures such as sulfide stress corrosion cracking and hydrogen-induced cracking. This results in the failure and disposal of pipelines, downhole tubing, and processing equipment, thereby increasing maintenance and replacement costs significantly. In China’s Sichuan oil and gas field, 28 incidents of pipeline fractures related to this issue have occurred. II. Threats to production safety: Equipment leaks caused by corrosion can lead to the dispersion of highly toxic hydrogen sulfide; concentrations of 10 ppm or more can cause poisoning in people, and at even higher concentrations, \"flash death\" can occur” ； Meanwhile, the explosion limit of hydrogen sulfide is 4.3% to 46%; in the event of a leak, it can easily lead to serious safety accidents such as fires and explosions when exposed to an ignition source. III. Impact on oil and gas quality and operating costs: The quality of \"sour oil\" containing hydrogen sulfide deteriorates significantly, and its selling price is much lower than that of low-sulfur oil and gas. Desulfurization processes must be implemented; furthermore, companies need to invest heavily in testing equipment and personal protective gear, which leads to a significant increase in overall operating costs. IV. Damage to the surrounding ecological environment: The leaked hydrogen sulfide directly pollutes the atmosphere, and it participates in reactions that lead to acid rain, thereby damaging the soil and vegetation ； Once it enters water bodies, it exerts strong toxicity on aquatic organisms, disrupts the balance of the local aquatic ecosystem, and causes long-term environmental problems.