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Considering the background of hydrogen bubbling corrosion in refining equipment mentioned earlier, prevention and control can be achieved from 5 key aspects: optimization of material selection – giving priority to steel materials with low impurity levels and good resistance to hydrogen, thereby reducing inclusions such as MnS that can facilitate hydrogen accumulation and thus lowering the likelihood of hydrogen bubbling occurring at the source. Control the hydrogen medium at its source by using desulfurization processes to reduce the hydrogen sulfide content in the medium, and at the same time manage substances such as HCN that act as \"poisons\" for hydrogen penetration, thereby reducing the generation and infiltration of hydrogen atoms. Physical barrier protection involves applying protective coatings such as epoxy resin on the inner walls of the equipment, or using alloy linings, to directly block the path of contact between hydrogen atoms and the steel substrate. Process parameter control involves keeping the operating temperature of the equipment outside the sensitive range for hydrogen bubbling (room temperature to 80°C), while also regulating the pH value of the medium to prevent a strongly acidic environment from accelerating hydrogen penetration. Regular inspection and maintenance are carried out using non-destructive testing methods such as ultrasound to identify potential issues with the equipment; when necessary, heat treatment is employed to remove residual hydrogen from the steel, thereby preventing the risk of bulging and cracking in advance.