Q&A on Purification Technology Version [018]

1) The presence of water and oxygen in the water-gas mixture can lead to the loss, fragmentation, caking, and sintering of the active components of the catalyst. 2) A decrease in the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the process gas can cause the catalyst to become desulfurized and thus lose its activity. 3) The active components may sinter and be lost. 4) The presence of chlorides can poison the catalyst. 5) Impurities can block the micropores, and high temperatures can cause sintering, resulting in a reduction in the specific surface area of the catalyst. 6) Prolonged use of the catalyst at high temperatures can lead to a decrease in its activity at lower temperatures. 7) Incomplete sulfidation of the catalyst, or a sudden rise in temperature during sulfidation exceeding 500 degrees, can cause the active components to sinter, molybdenum to sublimate, and physical and chemical changes to occur in the active components of the carrier

Under normal operating conditions, the composition and flow rate of the gas entering the shift reactor remain unchanged; however, the CO content in the gas exiting the shift reactor increases. To maintain normal parameters, it is necessary to raise the bed temperature.

Under normal operating conditions, the composition and flow rate of the gas entering the low-temperature reformer remain unchanged; however, the CO content in the gas exiting the low-temperature reformer increases. To maintain normal parameters, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the low-temperature reformer bed or increase the amount of steam used. These phenomena indicate a decrease in the activity of the low-activity catalyst, which is referred to as deactivation.

1) The presence of water and oxygen in the water-gas mixture can lead to the loss, fragmentation, caking, and sintering of the active components of the catalyst. 2) A decrease in the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the process gas can cause the catalyst to become desulfurized and thus become inactive. 3) The active components may sinter and be lost. 4) The introduction of foreign substances can poison the catalyst. 5) Impurities can block the micropores, and high temperatures can cause sintering, resulting in a reduction in the specific surface area of the catalyst. 6) Prolonged use of the catalyst at high temperatures can lead to a decrease in its activity at lower temperatures. 7) Incomplete sulfidation of the catalyst, or a sudden rise in temperature during sulfidation exceeding 500 degrees, can cause the active components to sinter, molybdenum to sublimate, and physical-chemical changes to occur in the active components of the carrier.

Under normal operating conditions, the composition and flow rate of the gas entering the shift reactor remain unchanged; however, the CO content in the gas exiting the shift reactor increases. To maintain normal parameters, it is necessary to raise the bed temperature.

1) The presence of water and oxygen in the water-gas mixture can lead to the loss, pulverization, caking, and sintering of the active components of the catalyst. 2) A decrease in the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the process gas can cause the catalyst to become desulfurized and thus become inactive. 3) The active components may sinter and be lost. 4) The introduction of foreign substances can poison the catalyst. 5) Impurities can block the micropores, and high temperatures can cause sintering, resulting in a reduction in the specific surface area of the catalyst. 6) Prolonged use of the catalyst at high temperatures can lead to a decrease in its activity at lower temperatures. 7) Incomplete sulfidation of the catalyst, or a sudden rise in temperature during sulfidation exceeding 500 degrees, can cause the active components to sinter, molybdenum to sublimate, and physical and chemical changes to occur in the active components of the carrier.

1) Reasons such as water and oxygen present in water-gas lead to the loss, pulverization, caking, and sintering of the active components of the catalyst. 2) The catalyst becomes desulfurized and deactivated due to reasons such as a decrease in the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the process gas. 3) Sintering loss of active components. 4) **Catalyst poisoning due to the introduction of substances. 5) The specific surface area of the catalyst decreases due to the blockage of micropores by impurities, high-temperature sintering, and other reasons. 6) Decreased activity at low temperatures due to the catalyst being used at high temperatures for a long time. 7) Incomplete catalyst sulfidation or a sudden temperature rise exceeding 500 degrees during sulfidation can cause the active components to sinter, molybdenum to sublimate, and physical and chemical changes to occur in the active components of the carrier.

1) The presence of water and oxygen in the water-gas mixture can lead to the loss, fragmentation, caking, and sintering of the active components of the catalyst. 2) A decrease in the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the process gas can cause the catalyst to become desulfurized and thus lose its activity. 3) The active components may sinter and be lost. 4) The catalyst can become poisoned. 5) Impurities blocking the micropores, along with high-temperature sintering, can result in a reduction in the specific surface area of the catalyst. 6) Prolonged use of the catalyst at high temperatures can lead to a decrease in its activity at lower temperatures. 7) Incomplete sulfidation of the catalyst, or a sudden rise in temperature during sulfidation exceeding 500 degrees, can cause the active components to sinter, molybdenum to sublimate, and physical and chemical changes to occur in the active components of the carrier.

The bed temperature decreases, and the CO content at the outlet increases