[Q&A Question 298] 2017.11.12
Thread Content
【Q&A Question 298】November 12, 2017: Analysis of the reasons for water contamination in the produced oil? 1. The high-water cut control level is set too high, or the water level gauge is malfunctioning; as a result, large amounts of water end up in the lower fraction, and this water is not removed in time and thus enters the distillation process. 2. Internal leakage in the high-pressure heat exchanger allows crude oil to mix with the produced oil, resulting in emulsification and formation of oil-water mixture; this prevents separation at high and low pressure points, causing the mixture to be carried into the distillation system. (Unless otherwise specified, all questions and answers are based on hydrogenation units.) ) For management purposes, if you need to view content from a few days ago, please go through the summary post below. 2017 Q&A Summary Thread (updates have begun) http://bbs.hcbbs.com/thread-1657793-1-1.html 2017 Daily Question Summary Thread (updates have begun) http://bbs.hcbbs.com/thread-1657794-1-1.html 2016 Q&A Summary Thread (updates completed) http://bbs.hcbbs.com/thread-1597792-1-1.html (Source: Haichuan Chemical Industry Forum)
Changes in the properties of the raw materials, failure of the high-pressure relief valve, and malfunction of the low-pressure control system
The occurrence of water carryover can be attributed to the following reasons: when the high-level water cut control is set too high or the water level gauge malfunctions, large amounts of water end up in the lower fraction; this water is not removed in time and thus enters the distillation system； Internal leakage in the high-pressure heat exchanger allows crude oil to mix with the produced oil, resulting in emulsification; this prevents the mixture from being separated at high and low pressure points, and it ends up entering the distillation system ； It is also possible that residues such as asphaltenes remaining in the hydrocracking reactor enter the high-pressure separator along with the produced oil. Since the same asphaltene molecules possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, this causes emulsification of the produced oil in the high-pressure separator, or naphthalic acid reacts with ammonium in the washing water to form highly surface-active ammonium naphthalate salts, resulting in foam formation. This results in water being present in the produced oil. The reflux operation is unstable, with large fluctuations that cause significant variations in the level inside the reflux tank, as well as water being carried over in the reflux stream ； The steam injection temperature in the stripping tower is low, resulting in severe water carryover
The occurrence of water carryover can be attributed to the following reasons: when the high-level water cut control is set too high or the water level gauge malfunctions, large amounts of water end up in the lower fraction; this water is not removed in time and thus enters the distillation system； Internal leakage in the high-pressure heat exchanger allows crude oil to mix with the produced oil, resulting in emulsification; this prevents the mixture from being separated at high and low pressure points, and it ends up entering the distillation system ； It is also possible that residues such as asphaltenes remaining in the hydrocracking reactor enter the high-pressure separator along with the produced oil. Since the same asphaltene molecules possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, this causes emulsification of the produced oil in the high-pressure separator, or naphthalic acid reacts with ammonium in the washing water to form highly surface-active ammonium naphthalate salts, resulting in foam formation. This results in water being present in the produced oil. The reflux operation is unstable, with large fluctuations that cause significant variations in the level inside the reflux tank, as well as water being carried over in the reflux stream ； The steam injection temperature in the stripping tower is low, resulting in severe water carryover
The occurrence of water carryover can be attributed to the following reasons: when the high-level water cut control is set too high or the water level gauge malfunctions, large amounts of water end up in the lower fraction; this water is not removed in time and thus enters the distillation system； Internal leakage in the high-pressure heat exchanger allows crude oil to mix with the produced oil, resulting in emulsification; this prevents the mixture from being separated at high and low pressure points, and it ends up entering the distillation system ； It is also possible that residues such as asphaltenes remaining in the hydrocracking reactor enter the high-pressure separator along with the produced oil. Since the same asphaltene molecules possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, this causes emulsification of the produced oil in the high-pressure separator, or naphthalic acid reacts with ammonium in the washing water to form highly surface-active ammonium naphthalate salts, resulting in foam formation. This results in water being present in the produced oil. The reflux operation is unstable, with large fluctuations that cause significant variations in the level inside the reflux tank, as well as water being carried over in the reflux stream ； The steam injection temperature in the stripping tower is low, resulting in severe water carryover
The occurrence of water carryover is due to several reasons: when the high-level water cut control is set too high or the water level gauge malfunctions, large amounts of water end up in the lower fraction; this water is not removed in time and thus enters the distillation system； Internal leakage in the high-pressure heat exchanger allows crude oil to mix with the produced oil, resulting in emulsification; this prevents the mixture from being separated at high and low pressure points, and it ends up entering the distillation system ； It is also possible that residues such as asphaltenes remaining in the hydrocracking reactor enter the high-pressure separator along with the produced oil. Since the same asphaltene molecules possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, this causes emulsification of the produced oil in the high-pressure separator, or naphthalic acid reacts with ammonium in the washing water to form highly surface-active ammonium naphthalate salts, resulting in foam formation. This results in water being present in the produced oil. The reflux operation is unstable, with large fluctuations that cause significant variations in the level inside the reflux tank, as well as water being carried over in the reflux stream ； The steam injection temperature in the stripping tower is low, resulting in severe water carryover
Reaction produces water, water injection, water carried from upstream
The occurrence of water carryover can be attributed to the following reasons: when the high-level water cut control is set too high or the water level gauge malfunctions, large amounts of water end up in the lower fraction; this water is not removed in time and thus enters the distillation system； Internal leakage in the high-pressure heat exchanger allows crude oil to mix with the produced oil, resulting in emulsification; this prevents the mixture from being separated at high and low pressure points, and it ends up entering the distillation system ； It is also possible that residues such as asphaltenes remaining in the hydrocracking reactor enter the high-pressure separator along with the produced oil. Since the same asphaltene molecules possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, this causes emulsification of the produced oil in the high-pressure separator, or naphthalic acid reacts with ammonium in the washing water to form highly surface-active ammonium naphthalate salts, resulting in foam formation. This results in water being present in the produced oil. The reflux operation is unstable, with large fluctuations that cause significant variations in the level inside the reflux tank, as well as water being carried over in the reflux stream ； The steam injection temperature in the stripping tower is low, resulting in severe water carryover
The occurrence of water carryover is due to several reasons: when the high-level water cut control is set too high or the water level gauge malfunctions, large amounts of water end up in the lower fraction; this water is not removed in time and thus enters the distillation system； Internal leakage in the high-pressure heat exchanger allows crude oil to mix with the produced oil, resulting in emulsification; this prevents the mixture from being separated at high and low pressure points, and it ends up entering the distillation system ； It is also possible that residues such as asphaltenes remaining in the hydrocracking reactor enter the high-pressure separator along with the produced oil. Since the same asphaltene molecules possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, this causes emulsification of the produced oil in the high-pressure separator, or naphthalic acid reacts with ammonium in the washing water to form highly surface-active ammonium naphthalate salts, resulting in foam formation. This results in water being present in the produced oil. The reflux operation is unstable, with large fluctuations that cause significant variations in the level inside the reflux tank, as well as water being carried over in the reflux stream ； The steam injection temperature in the stripping tower is low, resulting in severe water carryover.
Changes in the properties of the raw materials, failure of the high-pressure relief valve, and malfunction of the low-pressure control system