I have three basic questions about distillation

Why does increasing the top temperature of the fractionation tower result in a higher dry point of the crude gasoline? I don’t understand

A higher top temperature indicates that more heavy components have risen to the top. Now that the definition of dry points is clear, this becomes easier. The reflux is used to remove excess heat from the tower and establish a temperature gradient. Establish internal recirculation. The reflux ratio is the ratio of the flow rate at the top of the tower to the amount of product taken out from there. The higher the reflux ratio, the better the purity of the product, but the greater the energy consumption. Therefore, when making a choice, a moderate reflux ratio is selected, which is the reference value provided by the design institute. The actual value is similar to this reference value; when making adjustments, one can use the test results as a guide to appropriately adjust the reflux ratio so as to achieve the desired parameters. The three balances are gas-liquid balance, mass balance for inlet and outlet materials, and energy conservation. Material balance and energy conservation are relatively easy to achieve, while gas-liquid equilibrium is the most difficult to attain; this gas-liquid equilibrium can be achieved more easily once the system is stable and operating in automatic mode.

How to understand the situation where there are more Reorganization components when the top temperature increases?

A higher top temperature indicates an increase in the amount of heavier components that are vaporized. The dry point is defined as the temperature reached at the end of the distillation process. In oils, the longer the carbon chain of a component, the higher its dry point, density, and boiling point.

You can think of this as cooking millet rice at home; the heat source is used to heat the boiler. If too much heat is applied, it will boil easily, and thus the millet will cook quickly as well. There are three methods: one is to add some cold water, which can help press the millet down, and another is to lower the temperature appropriately. Finally, it’s the combination of both; this third method is the hardest to handle

The most difficult concept to understand is vapor-liquid equilibrium, which requires an understanding of the internal structure of the tower; it’s impossible to grasp this without taking a look inside. It’s very abstract. Saturated vapor pressure refers to the phenomenon in which a substance develops a saturated vapor pressure between the tray levels; it is a process in which the gas phase transforms into the liquid phase, and the liquid phase transforms into the gas phase, with mass and heat being transferred between the two phases. This balance can be easily disrupted during startup or operational fluctuations. Apart from operational reasons, the open area ratio of the trays also affects this, and there are many other factors as well. It’s okay to ask; it’s not embarrassing. There are many talented people in Haichuan, but they’re too reserved

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