There are fatal hazards in work safety

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In the daily production process, various safety issues such as problems, defects, failures, early signs of trouble, and hidden hazards arise due to human factors, changes in materials, and environmental influences. If these hidden hazards are not identified, investigated, or eliminated, they will disrupt and affect the normal progress of the production process. I. Safety Protection 1. The safety helmet is free from aging, damage, or any manual modifications. 2. Wear the safety helmet properly: ensure it is fitted correctly and the straps are tightened. 3. Use qualified safety glasses. 4. Wear the face shield properly. Such as grinding, cutting, crushing, and other operations. 5. Safety glasses should also be worn under the welding mask. Welding assistants also need to wear sunglasses. 6. Choose and wear appropriate protective gloves depending on the type of work; each team must ensure that its employees have gloves. 7. All personnel on site should wear reflective vests. 8. Do not roll up the sleeves of work clothes, and do not leave clothing unfastened to prevent direct exposure of the skin to hazards. 9. Drivers and others should use seat belts; they must wear protective equipment and close the car doors before getting out. II. Work at heights 1. Safety belts that are defective, damaged, or lack inspection labels must be replaced promptly if any such belts are available in the team or if there are no labels on them. 2. When working on a mobile scaffold at a height of over 1.8m, a safety belt must be used properly; the belt should be attached to a higher point. 3. When stacking materials and loading/unloading materials, no fall protection was used when working at heights exceeding 1.8 meters. 4. No warning area is established below the work at height, or the safety perimeter of the warning area is insufficient (not 2 times sufficient), and the warning area is not enclosed with gaps present. 5. When working at heights, the safety belt was not used in a way that ensured it was fastened high and used low, and no account was taken of the safe falling distance provided by the buffer strip. 6. The belt attachment points are unreliable and not secure, such as when attached under steel structures or at the edges of scaffolding tubes. 7. There are no fall protection measures for tools and equipment at heights, such as using tool bags or tying them down. 8. Concurrent operations, with the personnel below not being protected. 9. When moving at heights, 100% fall protection must not be used; instead, double hooks should be used alternately. 10. Materials used for work at heights are not cleared away in a timely manner, and no fall protection is provided; loose materials are stored in buckets or bags. 11. The safety passages for entering and exiting the high-work area were not considered before starting the work. 12. All passageways, fire exits, and electrical panel doors must not be blocked; wires, gas cylinders, or other objects must not be placed in these passageways. III. Hot work 1. Before starting welding operations, no inspection was carried out; the connections at the welding cable terminals were poor, resulting in localized high temperatures that caused a fire. 2. Before carrying out hot work, the area within the safe distance around it was not inspected and cleared, leaving flammable materials in place. 3. The hot work area was not equipped with suitable fire extinguishers, and the fire extinguishers were placed in inappropriate locations. 4. There must be a fire watchperson to ensure that any dangers that arise during the operation can be addressed promptly. 5. The gas cylinder is not secured, and the fixing position is incorrect; it should be fixed at 2/3 of the way up from the top of the cylinder. 6. Cylinders that are not applicable do not have protective steel caps. The gas cylinders stored in the cylinder cage are not secured. 7. There are no safety signs or warning labels at the location where the gas cylinders are stored, and the distance between the acetylene and oxygen cylinders is insufficient. 8. During gas welding operations, the distance between the acetylene cylinder and the oxygen cylinder should be less than 5 meters, and the distance between the cylinders and the welding site should be less than 10 meters. 9. The outlet hose of the gas cylinder is severely aged; the oxygen cylinder lacks a backfire prevention device, and no special hose clamps are used. 10. No fire catcher was used during work at heights, or no exclusion zone was set up below. 11. Do not use power tools or engage in welding work when flammable materials are present in the surrounding area. 12. Smoking near areas where flammable and combustible materials are stored; there are no necessary warning signs or no-smoking signs. IV. Scaffolding 1. The scaffolding lacks labels, and there is no inspection date on the back of the labels. 2. The scaffolding planks are not fully laid, failing to meet the construction requirements; the lack of planks results in gaps. 3. The wire used for securing the planks is too thin, and the method of securing them is incorrect; each plank should be secured separately. 4. The position of the upper and lower ladders is incorrect, causing conflicts with the workpieces being processed. 5. The ladder should be installed only at the platform, extending more than two steps beyond it. 6. The skirting boards were not installed correctly; skirting boards were not installed on all four sides of the platform. 7. The crack at the scaffold head was not secured with wire. 8. The ground where the mobile scaffold is erected is uneven. 9. A wooden ladder was found to have been in use at the scene. V. Lifting Operations 1. When the load is suspended in the air, the crane operator leaves the crane. 2. Crane operators are prohibited from leaving the cab, and typing should not be done without wearing personal protective equipment. 3. There are no barriers or safety signs within the operating radius, allowing workers to walk around in the lifting area. 4. The crane operator has no flag, no whistle, and no sign language. 5. The load is not being lifted using a tail rope, or the tail rope used is too short. 6. Incorrect use of lifting straps: When lifting angular objects, no protective measures were used. The straps are not connected using clips. 7. Workers pass under the suspended object and lift it up for processing beneath it. VI. Electrical Work 1. Power tools are not regularly inspected, and device inspection labels are not posted. 2. Do not allow non-electricians to connect wires or repair power tools. 3. No regular inspections were carried out to promptly identify and replace faulty switchgear. 4. The power cord of the power tool was damaged and not promptly wrapped up for insulation. 5. The switch box bracket is not securely installed; it does not stay in place when used on site, and sometimes it falls to the ground during use. The box door is not closed while in use, and no daily inspection record sheet is filled out for the fixed distribution box, nor are detailed identification signs or inspection color codes posted. 6. The cabling is poorly arranged; no insulating S-hooks or triangular supports are used. Cables running across roads and passages are neither protected nor installed at a sufficient height of at least 4.5 meters; nor are there any conspicuous safety warning tapes applied. 7. Damaged electrical sockets were not replaced in a timely manner, and the circuit breakers or sockets in the switch box were not securely fixed. 8. The protective enclosure of the lighting fixture is cracked, and the glass cover is missing. 9. The installation location of the distribution box is inappropriate; there is a lack of sufficient operating space. VII. Excavation work 1. Safe distance between the excavator and the edge (1.5–2 m). 2. Failure to appoint a standard bearer as required. 3. Barriers were not promptly installed at the edges of the excavated foundation pit. 4. There are no appropriate safety passages for workers to enter the pit, and no measures are in place to prevent the pit from collapsing. 5. The operator was working in front of the loader while the loader’s generator was not turned off. VIII. Tools and Equipment 1. Electrical tools are not regularly inspected, nor are color-coded identification labels affixed to them. 2. The power cord of the power tool was damaged and not promptly insulated by wrapping. 3. Use homemade tools to perform the task. 4. The welding machine was not grounded when in use, and the wiring terminals were exposed. 5. Missing protective covers for compressor belts/disks, grinders, grinding wheels, and other rotating parts. 6. Aerial work tools are left lying around instead of being stored in tool bags, making it easy for them to fall and cause injuries. 7. The feet of the A-frame ladder have no anti-slip treatment, or the top layer and the two layers below it of the A-frame ladder are used for work. During the task, no one was holding the ladder ； Work with your back to the ladder. 8. Move the scaffold while people are standing on it. IX. Confined Spaces 1. All confined spaces must have a sign stating “Confined Space – Entry prohibited without authorization,” and their entry hatches must be closed and sealed with tape. 2. Work permits, gas test records, and personnel entry/exit registers should be displayed at the entrance of the confined space. 3. Confined spaces require ventilation, gas testing that shows satisfactory results, and 12V lighting. 4. Entrants and attendants must have received training on confined space entry; affix the tag to their hard hats. 5. Rescue equipment must be installed at the entrance to the confined space, such as setting up a tripod, hanging pulleys, and using rescue ropes; one end of the rescue rope is fixed outside the confined space, while the other end is securely attached to the entrant’s safety belt. 6. The incoming wires must be insulated from metal, hung neatly, and measures must be taken to prevent people from tripping over them. 7. Supervisors must wear reflective vests; work in confined spaces is prohibited without supervision. X. Miscellaneous 1. Gas cylinders shall be stored in cylinder cages by category, and shall be labeled with their names; these labels, along with the MSDS, shall be posted on the cylinder cages ； Signs reading “No Smoking” must be posted on the cages holding oxygen and acetylene cylinders, and fire extinguishers must be provided. 2. Empty bottles and full bottles should be separated; labels indicating empty or full status should be attached to them, and the two types of bottles should be tied together using 2 iron chains or brown ropes. 3. The gas cylinder is used without a pressure reducing valve. 4. Cylinders should be transported using a cart; on roads where cart use is not feasible, they must be carried by two people—never by one person on their shoulder. 5. The gas cylinder must be placed vertically, and it should be securely fastened to a fixing point using chains or ropes; the fixation should be done at the middle to upper part of the cylinder, not at the nozzle. 6. Keep oxygen cylinders and acetylene cylinders at least 6 meters apart from each other, and 10 meters away from any source of fire. 7. Paint must be stored in a designated chemical storage room. Name labels, fire safety signs, and MSDS documents must be posted at the entrance of the room, and fire extinguishers must be provided. 8. The paint used on site daily must be stored away from areas where fires may occur; it should be enclosed with warning tapes, labeled with its name and fire-safety information, along with an MSDS. Fire extinguishers must also be available, and at the end of the workday, the paint must be taken back to the designated chemical storage area. 9. Empty paint buckets and other containers for chemicals on site must have their lids closed promptly; they must be taken back to the chemical storage area daily. It is prohibited to leave any empty chemical buckets or bottles unattended on site. 10. When using a paint bucket for other purposes, such as holding fasteners, bolts, water, or collecting trash, it is necessary to thoroughly remove any remaining paint from the bucket and grind off or cover the fire safety markings. Additionally, labels such as “Tool Bucket” or “Trash Bin” must be affixed to it. 11. Forms and wooden planks to be used on site must be free of nails; the nails must be removed. 12. Templates and wooden planks must be arranged on site in neat squares or stacks. 13. The removed formwork and wooden planks must be taken off one by one, the nails on each piece removed, and then stacked neatly ； and remove it from the scene promptly. 14. Chemicals must be stored in designated chemical storage areas, with the name and MSDS posted at the entrance of those areas. 15. Chemicals used on-site daily shall be enclosed with warning tapes at the storage locations, accompanied by name labels and MSDS sheets; moreover, they must be returned to the designated chemical storage area at the end of workday. 16. Chemical containers must have their lids closed, and this applies even to empty drums. 17. The transportation and storage of chemicals should comply with the requirements of the MSDS; acids and bases must not be stored together ； When transporting vehicles, chemicals should be placed stably without being stacked, and it is necessary to check whether the container openings are properly sealed. 18. Chemicals should be stored in secondary containment containers to prevent leaks; it is prohibited to place the chemical containers directly on the ground. 19. Each team must keep materials neatly stacked and clean up trash promptly.