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1. The significance of mechanical equipment maintenance and management Mechanical equipment maintenance and management is a type of preventive, ongoing, or corrective management activity that takes into account the wear and tear that occurs during the operation of such equipment. Its implementation holds the following significance. First, the maintenance and management of mechanical equipment help improve a company’s economic efficiency. By managing mechanical equipment through use, maintenance, management, and upkeep, it is possible to effectively improve its utilization rate, extend its service life, and enhance its performance. Therefore, the wear and tear of mechanical equipment per unit of time will be **reduced**, allowing companies to save the funds that would otherwise be spent on purchasing such equipment. Second, the management and maintenance of mechanical equipment play an important role in promoting new technologies as well as improving existing ones. The development of science and technology gives rise to various new technologies, and their dissemination and use rely primarily on the machinery design and manufacturing industry. In the maintenance and management of mechanical equipment in the field of mechanical design and manufacturing, thanks to the application of new technologies, workers are able to clearly recognize the shortcomings of existing technologies and use this knowledge to improve them. At the same time, on the other hand, as maintenance and management of mechanical equipment improve, new technologies can also be widely applied in actual construction work. 2. Problems Existing in the Maintenance and Management of Mechanical Equipment 2.1 Recognizing the Importance of Mechanical Equipment and Increasing Attention to Its Management Although more enterprises now understand the importance of strengthening the maintenance and management of mechanical equipment and have established corresponding management systems, overall, these existing systems do not fully correspond to the actual conditions; their effectiveness is relatively low, and they play a limited role. As a result, many enterprises face issues in the management of their mechanical equipment, which affects their healthy development. On the one hand, most machinery companies do not have a scientific and effective system in place for equipment management; the management systems they use are often applied mechanically without consideration for their actual development needs. On the other hand, the management system has low feasibility and contains many flaws, which causes maintenance personnel to arbitrarily shorten procedures during work, resulting in maintenance quality that does not meet the required standards. 2.2 Engineering machinery and equipment are severely aged, posing safety risks. Road construction companies often prioritize the economic benefits of their operations as well as construction safety; as a result, the management of such machinery and equipment is neglected. There is also limited investment in new equipment, and the replacement of old equipment happens slowly. This leads to overloading of the machinery, insufficient time for maintenance, and chaotic equipment management. Some of the equipment poses safety risks, which in turn create hazards for the entire road construction process. 2.3 The lack of qualified technical personnel results in the failure to maintain mechanical equipment. As the mechanical equipment used by construction companies gradually becomes outdated over time, these companies tend to neglect proper management of such equipment, failing to carry out regular maintenance on it. Mechanical equipment suffers continuous wear and depreciation during construction, which leads to a decline in its performance; as a result, it is necessary to carry out repairs and maintenance on such equipment. High standards are required for these repair tasks, yet the current situation of repair personnel is the opposite – there are few skilled technicians who can handle tasks independently, and in many organizations, there is a predicament where repairmen do not know how to repair the equipment properly. Furthermore, the failure to update and replenish repair machinery and tools is also a major reason for low maintenance capabilities. When locomotives break down, some units have to be sent out for repair, which in turn leads to a significant increase in repair costs. Rising repair costs place a burden on businesses, leading to a continuous vicious cycle. The equipment that needs repair cannot be fixed, and the equipment that needs upgrading cannot be updated, resulting in an increasing number of machines that require repair. Sometimes, work has to be carried out under pressure to meet deadlines, which ultimately leads to the premature breakdown of the machinery. 3. Effective measures to strengthen equipment management and maintenance 3.1 Increase financial investment to ensure timely replacement of mechanical equipment As a company, one should not focus only on short-term benefits but consider long-term interests; it is necessary to strictly implement the equipment retirement system and carry out proper replacements for mechanical equipment. In this process, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of mechanical renewal. Through scientific testing, mechanical equipment that is severely worn out, has outdated technical specifications, high energy consumption and low efficiency, high repair and maintenance costs, and can no longer meet normal usage requirements as well as safety standards, must be eliminated and replaced in order to ensure the quality and safety of construction work. Furthermore, construction machinery that is explicitly prohibited from being phased out must be scrapped completely; it must not be continued to be used under any pretext to avoid adverse consequences. Only by ensuring the good condition of mechanical equipment and improving a company’s technical capabilities can the progress of project construction be accelerated, economic benefits enhanced, and the company’s competitiveness strengthened, thus laying a solid foundation for its development. 3.2 Raising awareness and improving management systems In modern enterprise management, it is essential to attach great importance to the maintenance of mechanical equipment. It is necessary to enhance the awareness of employees regarding this task, pay attention to the maintenance of mechanical equipment during the production process, extend their service life, and ensure product quality as well as production efficiency. Enterprise managers need to improve their management skills, establish sound management systems, and motivate their staff ； Detailed records should be kept of the selection and use of lubricants for mechanical equipment, to ensure its proper operation during use ； Establish a reward and punishment system, assign dedicated personnel to inspect and supervise the maintenance of mechanical equipment, ensuring its proper upkeep. Only by raising awareness and establishing sound management systems can the work ethic of employees be improved; through self-assessment and continuous improvement in practice, long-term development of the enterprise can be promoted. 3.3 Strengthening equipment maintenance management For the maintenance of equipment, in addition to routine maintenance, level 1 maintenance, level 2 maintenance, etc., there is also break-in period maintenance, quarterly maintenance, specialized maintenance, and storage maintenance. Different maintenance methods are applicable to different types of equipment, and it is necessary to choose the appropriate method based on the actual circumstances. Among these, break-in maintenance is required for newly installed equipment as well as equipment that is put back into use after major repairs; this involves cleaning, adjusting, tightening components, and replacing lubricant. After the maintenance is completed, asset managers conduct inspections. Parking and maintenance refers to the upkeep of equipment that is not in use or has been put on hold; it mainly involves measures such as preventing moisture and corrosion. Additionally, the equipment needs to be started up once every six months after being put on hold, to ensure that it can function properly at any time. 3.4 Strengthening professional ethics education Professional ethics is not only related to an individual’s moral character, but it is also closely connected to a company’s profits. It is an important asset. The reckless practices, lack of maintenance, arbitrary waste, careless repairs, and substitution of inferior items for quality ones in the current use and management of corporate equipment are all manifestations of a lack of professional ethics. Therefore, enterprises still need to continuously strengthen education in political ideology and professional ethics, so as to foster among their employees a culture of taking good care of equipment and enabling mechanical devices to operate at their best efficiency. Summary: Like people, equipment also has a limited lifespan. But how to extend lifespan is a problem that every individual and company must face. Therefore, equipment maintenance is particularly important. Just as one takes care of their body, it is necessary to avoid damage caused by bad habits and to learn to cherish the “equipment”. Operators need to get rid of some poor working habits; equipment maintenance personnel should regard equipment upkeep as a core part of their work; managers need to consider things comprehensively, focus on the equipment, and establish effective management methods so that equipment operators, maintenance staff, and equipment managers can all perform their duties properly. Only in this way can equipment maintenance find a solution, and the lifespan of the equipment can be extended.