Knowledge on the four principles of preventing harm to all personnel and combating three types of violations

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Knowledge of the Four No-Harms Principle and Combating Three Types of Violations I. The “Four No-Harms” Principle The “Four No-Harms” principle refers to the rule of: \"I will not harm myself, I will not harm others, I will not allow others to harm me, and I will protect others from being harmed.\" II. Content and safeguard measures of the “Four No-Harms” principle in safe production 1. I will not harm myself. By not harming myself, I mean to enhance my awareness of self-protection and avoid getting injured due to my own negligence or mistakes. It depends on various factors such as one’s awareness of safety, safety knowledge, familiarity with job tasks, job-related skills, work attitude, working methods, mental state, and working behaviors. To ensure that I do not harm myself, the following steps should be taken: ① Do I understand this task and what my responsibilities are? Do I possess the skills necessary to complete it? ② What are the potential safety hazards associated with this task, what mistakes might occur, and what should I do in case of a failure? How to prevent mistakes: ① Maintain a rigorous work attitude; ② Understand the work procedures and follow them strictly; ③ Stop and think when problems arise, and seek help if necessary; ④ Abide by rules and regulations, work carefully, and avoid taking shortcuts or rushing through tasks carelessly. Effective measures to protect oneself from harm. Maintain good physical and mental health, and avoid engaging in activities unrelated to work; wear appropriate work clothing and use safety equipment that meets the requirements of the job; pay attention to safety signs at the work site; do not carry out work in violation of regulations, and refuse to follow any orders that are illegal; thoroughly identify all dangerous and harmful factors present at the work site. 2. I don’t harm others. Not harming others means that my actions or their consequences cannot cause harm to others. When multiple people are working simultaneously, one’s own actions may cause harm to those around the work area due to failure to follow operating procedures, insufficient observation of the surroundings, or mistakes in one’s own operations. To ensure that I do not harm others, I should do the following: ① Abiding by rules and regulations and operating correctly is the fundamental guarantee for not harming others; ② When working in groups, it is necessary to cooperate with each other and take into account the safety of others; ③ No hazards should be left after work – failing to restore covers, guards, and other protective devices to their normal position after repairing machinery can lead to injuries for others; ④ When working at heights, if tools or materials are not placed properly, they may fall and injure others; failing to clean up the site after welding operations can result in residual sparks that might start a fire; ⑤ During the operation of mechanical equipment, if the operator leaves the post without permission, others might accidentally activate the controls and cause injuries; ⑥ When disassembling or assembling electrical equipment, if the wiring connections are not properly secured, others could get an electric shock; ⑦ Crane operations must follow the “Ten Prohibitions” for lifting, welding operations must adhere to the “Ten Prohibitions” for welding, and electricians must comply with electrical safety regulations. Special note: Everyone should carefully observe the area around the work site after completing their tasks, ensuring that everything is left in order so as not to create any hazards for others. 3. I won’t be harmed by others. I won’t suffer damage from others; in other words, everyone should enhance their awareness of self-protection and avoid being injured as a result of others’ mistakes or other potential hazards at work. ①Refuse to follow illegal instructions, raise awareness of prevention, and protect yourself. ②Be vigilant about unsafe factors surrounding the work area; once any hazard is detected, promptly stop and correct others’ unsafe behaviors and eliminate the hazard right away. ③It is necessary to avoid harm caused by hidden dangers resulting from other people’s work mistakes, poor equipment condition, or management deficiencies. In the event of serious poisoning incidents or similar, reliable safety measures are necessary before entering dangerous areas, to avoid attempting rescue blindly and ending up getting injured oneself. ④When working in conjunction with others, one must anticipate potential harm that they might cause and take preventive measures. When maintaining electrical equipment, it is necessary to test for electricity to prevent others from accidentally restoring power. ⑤When equipment lacks safety protection devices or facilities, such as rotating parts without guards, employees should promptly report this to their supervisors, who in turn must take action immediately. ⑥On high-risk jobs (such as work at heights or concurrent operations), there must be a dedicated person to provide supervision. Special note: Once any instances of violations are detected, it is necessary to dare to resist them, address the risks promptly and decisively, and report to higher authorities. If one thinks it’s not their concern and fails to stop it in time, a serious accident may occur, and they themselves could get injured. 4. I protect others from harm. Every member of any organization is part of a team, and they have the responsibility and duty to care for others. Not only must they take care of their own safety, but they must also protect the other members of the team from harm – this is the commitment that each member owes to the other members in the group. I want to protect others from harm: anyone who discovers any potential hazard anywhere should take the initiative to inform or alert others about it. Remind others to comply with various rules and regulations as well as safety procedures. Offer safety advice, exchange ideas with one another, and pass on useful information to others. Regard safety as a collective honor, contribute safety knowledge to the team, and share experiences with others. Pay attention to any abnormal changes in others’ physical and mental conditions. In the event of an accident, while protecting yourself, take the initiative to help those around you get out of trouble. Special note: Perhaps one of your tips could save a life. The one who can correct your improper practices in a timely manner is your true friend. 5. The 5 guarantee measures for the “Four No-Harms Principle”: (1) Strictly abide by all rules and regulations, and thoroughly implement the Safety Operating Procedures; the work team shall carry out safe production in a strict and planned manner. (2) Everyone must firmly establish the mindset that “human life comes first.” (3) Every employee should consciously learn production operation skills and business knowledge. Only by mastering advanced production skills can one operate skillfully and strictly in accordance with safety production technical regulations. (4) Every employee must pay attention to strengthening their awareness of self-protection while working at the construction site. Safe production first requires that \"one is responsible for one’s own safety.\" Every employee should proactively ask themselves and others such questions before starting work at the production site. (5) Implement a responsibility system of \"self-protection, mutual protection, and joint protection,\" whereby employees take care of one another and supervise each other during the production process, thus fully leveraging team spirit. Third, the extension of the \"Four No-Harms Principle\" is particularly important in complex intersection construction projects, where there are many participants, organizations, job types, and hazardous tasks; in such cases, it is essential to shift the application of this principle from individual actions to organizational actions among the various construction units. Under such circumstances, to prevent accidents and ensure the health and safety of all workers on site, it is essential to achieve the principle of \"no harm to one another\" among various construction units: each unit must ensure the safety of its own employees; each unit must refrain from harming the employees of other construction units; the employees of each unit must not be harmed by those from other units; and each unit has the responsibility to protect the employees of other units from harm. To effectively implement the \"Four No-Harms\" principle, strengthen safety management, and prevent personal injuries, it is necessary to do the following in advance: sign safety agreements, conduct safety briefings, thoroughly identify each individual’s risk factors and include them as an important part of the safety briefings, and ensure that safety measures and responsibilities are fulfilled by everyone. ①Identification of hazardous factors; ② Signing of safety agreements; ③ Provision of safety instructions; ④ Payment of risk deposit; ⑤ Regular communication and coordination during on-site construction; ⑥ Unified command over on-site construction. IV. The principle of “four no-harms” should start with me; standardizing work practices at one’s post should also begin with me. From \"I want to be safe\" to \"I will be safe\", this process requires a firm sense of safety, extensive learning of safety knowledge, proficient mastery of safety skills, and turning correct safety practices into habitual behaviors – only then can a true safety culture be established, enabling the achievement of the \"four no-harms\" principle. ““Three violations” refers to the abbreviation for “illegal command, illegal operation, and violation of labor discipline”. Illegal command: It mainly refers to the act of production and management personnel in a production and business entity giving instructions for production in violation of safety production guidelines, policies, laws, regulations, procedures, systems, and relevant provisions. Illegal instructions specifically include: production and management personnel failing to comply with safety production regulations, systems, and safety technical measures, or arbitrarily altering safety processes and operating procedures; as well as supervisors assigning tasks to workers who have not received safety training or to individuals without the necessary qualifications ； Production and management personnel order workers to carry out work at risk when safety protection facilities or equipment are defective or existing hazards have not been resolved; production and management personnel fail to stop violations when they become aware of them. Illegal operations refer mainly to the actions of workers who violate the safety rules and regulations applicable to their work positions (such as safety production responsibility systems, safety operation procedures, work handover systems, etc.). Illegal operations specifically include: incorrect use of personal protective equipment, failure to comply with safety procedures in the workplace, and non-compliance with safety production instructions. Violation of labor discipline: This mainly refers to acts by workers that violate the labor discipline rules of their production and operation units. Violations of labor discipline specifically include: failure to fulfill the obligations stipulated in the labor contract and the consequences arising from such breaches, non-compliance with attendance and leave policies, production and work regulations, reward and punishment systems, as well as other disciplinary rules.