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A counterflow cooling tower is one in which the water flow falls vertically inside the tower, with the air flow moving in the opposite direction to the water flow. A device that can cool water. Water within it undergoes heat and mass exchange with the passing air, resulting in a decrease in water temperature. Structural features of square counterflow cooling towers: (1) Packing: It uses a patented product from the Fourth Research Institute – oblique trapezoidal wave-shaped packing sheets. These sheets have protruding ribs on their horizontal surfaces, which enables efficient water redistribution, results in low resistance, and offers good thermal performance. They can withstand temperatures up to 70°C and as low as -50°C, and also possess excellent flame-retardant properties. (2) Motor: A low-noise, energy-saving motor with variable torque and pole count, which is a patented product of the Fourth Research Institute. It was designed by the Department of Electrical Engineering at Tsinghua University and manufactured by Ying Mengjin Motor Factory. It features excellent sealing and waterproof properties, high temperature resistance, high efficiency, and low noise levels. (3) Reduction gear: For reduction gears with a power of ≤11/5.5 KW, polyester fiber-reinforced neoprene drive belts are used; these belts are heat-resistant, efficient, do not expand when exposed to water, thus preventing slippage, and produce very little noise. Reduction gearboxes with a power of ≥15/7.5 KW use gear reduction, and the motor is installed outside the air duct. (4) Fan: Wing-shaped fiberglass reinforced plastic blades designed by the Department of Engineering Mechanics at Tsinghua University based on the parameters of this series of products; they feature low noise levels, high efficiency, and an adjustable blade angle. (5) Water collection and distribution device: Reflective low-pressure nozzles are used; for small towers, single swirl nozzles are employed, ensuring uniform water distribution and low water pressure. The installed water collection device allows the water loss due to splashing to be reduced to 0.01%. (6) Sound-absorbing facilities: Ultra-low noise cooling towers are equipped with shielding structures and sound-absorbing grids made of sound-absorbing materials at the outlet openings of the upper tower body, to achieve the greatest possible noise reduction. (7) Sound-absorbing facilities: Ultra-low noise cooling towers are equipped with shielding structures and sound-absorbing grids made of sound-absorbing materials at the outlet of the upper tower body, thereby reducing the noise generated by the fans and motors. Mushroom-shaped acoustic baffles are installed on the small tower. (8) Droplet noise reduction pad: For low-noise and ultra-low-noise cooling towers, sound-absorbing pads with good water permeability have been specifically designed; a layer of inclined wave plates is placed beneath them to **reduce droplet noise. (9) Maintenance platform: A patterned steel plate maintenance platform at the top of the tower, facilitating maintenance and installation. (10) Lower tray: Cooling towers equipped with shallow water trays as well as deep water trays have lower trays for storing water. As per the ordering requirements, it can be equipped with overflow, drain, automatic, and manual water supply pipes, allowing water to be drawn directly from the lower tray.