[History of Haichuan Pipeline] The first long-distance high-pressure natural gas pipeline in the United States
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On October 16, 1931, the first long-distance high-pressure natural gas pipeline in the United States was put into operation. The pipeline was 980 miles (1,577 kilometers) long, transporting the rich natural gas from the Texas Panhandle gas field to Chicago, Illinois.
This project was completed by the American natural gas pipeline company NGPL, with a total investment of US$75 million. The 24-inch thin-walled steel pipe specially made by AO Smith alone consumed 209,000 tons of steel. As of 2017, NGPL operates a total length of approximately 9,200 miles of natural gas pipelines with a daily gas transmission capacity of 288 billion cubic feet. Compressing and transporting this natural gas requires more than 1 million horsepower of compression power.
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The history of the natural gas industry before 1950 is basically the history of the natural gas industry in the United States. In 1891, the United States built a 4-kilometer natural gas test pipeline in Oklahoma. The first high-pressure (approximately 3.6Mpa) gas transmission pipeline in the United States starts from Greentown, Indiana, and ends in Chicago. It is approximately 193 kilometers and is a wrought iron pipe with a diameter of 219 mm. In the late 1920s, with the advent of welding technology and seamless steel pipes, the United States began the construction of modern natural gas pipelines. In 1931, two prototypes of modern natural gas pipelines were built. One was the American Gas Company's 1,258.5-kilometer gas pipeline to Chicago, and the other was the East Panhand Pipeline Company's 1,930-kilometer gas pipeline to southern Indiana. Both had a pipe diameter of 610 mm. In 1933, the United States had built 262,000 kilometers of gas pipelines, and by 1961 it had grown to 1.025 million kilometers.