What are the methods of physical cleaning?

Physical cleaning methods: high-pressure water jet cleaning, water-air cleaning (air agitation), electrical pulse cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, shot blasting cleaning (plastic or rubber balls), PIG cleaning, mechanical scraping, etc. High-pressure water jet is a highly concentrated stream of high-pressure water (single or multiple streams, or in a rotating pattern), which is created by pressuring ordinary tap water to several hundred to thousands of atmospheres of pressure using a high-pressure pump, and then forcing it out through special high-pressure nozzles (with an aperture of only 0.3–2 millimeters) at extremely high speeds (200–500 meters per second). These small streams of water possess tremendous cutting power, similar to that of pellets; they can be used for cutting steel plates, removing sand from castings, rusting metal, and eliminating salts, alkalis, scale, and various obstructions from the inner walls of pipes. Using this highly energetic water flow for cleaning is known as high-pressure water jet cleaning. It mainly cleans various types of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, two-effect lithium bromide absorption chillers, vertical and horizontal condensers, air preheaters, reheat units, dust collectors, evaporators, reaction vessels, boilers, tanks, containers, and heating devices; as well as various types of water supply and drainage pipes, industrial water pipelines, oil transport pipelines, two-phase flow pipelines, and sewage pipes.

Mechanical friction, ultrasound, negative pressure, high pressure, impact, ultraviolet light, steam

High-pressure water jet cleaning, water-air cleaning (air agitation), electrical pulse cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, shot blasting cleaning (plastic balls or rubber balls), PIG cleaning, mechanical scraping, etc.