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The common tensioning devices used in belt conveyors include screw type, car type, and vertical type. 1. The tensioning drum in the spiral tensioning device also serves as the direction-changing drum at the end of the conveyor; this drum is mounted on a slider that can move along longitudinal guide rails. The slider is equipped with a nut, and by manually rotating the tensioning screw, it is possible to adjust the tension of the conveyor belt. The advantage of this type of tensioning is its simple structure and small size, while the disadvantage is that the tension force cannot be kept constant; therefore, regular inspection and adjustment are necessary. Spiral tensioning devices are generally used in belt conveyors with a length of less than 80m and lower power. 2. The vehicle-type tensioning device installs the tensioning drum on a trolley, which can be pulled by a weight to move along horizontal or inclined guide rails. It ensures a constant tension in the conveyor belt under various operating conditions, and can automatically compensate for any changes in the belt’s elongation caused by temperature changes or wear. The level of tension is determined by the weight of the weight hammer. Conveyor-type tensioning devices are large in size, occupy a lot of space, and are heavy; they are suitable for conveyors with long distances and high power requirements. 3. The vertical tensioning device, just like the vehicle-type tensioning device, can ensure a constant tension on the conveyor belt. It is used in situations where it is difficult to arrange a vehicle-type tensioning device, and is suitable for conveyors installed on high trestles, as there is sufficient space below to accommodate the tensioning drums, weights, and to meet the requirements of the tensioning stroke. Its disadvantages include the need to increase the number of redirecting rollers, which leads to more bends in the conveyor belt; this is detrimental to the belt’s lifespan. Maintenance is also complicated, and materials can easily fall between the conveyor belt and the tensioning rollers, causing damage to the belt.