Safety Technology Exchange Edition: Daily Question (2016.4.14)

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This post was last edited by 68589544 on 2016-4-16 at 12:10. File: static/image/hrline/2.gif. Type: Short answer question (reward up to floor 30). Question: What is the three-level safety training for new employees? Why is it necessary to conduct three-level safety training for new employees? “\"Three-level safety training\" refers to the factory-level safety training, workshop safety training, and team safety training that new employees should receive upon joining the company. The purpose of providing “three-level training” is to inform new workers about the nature of the workshop and team they will work in, as well as the manufacturing processes and hazardous areas. It also aims to equip them with knowledge of safety production policies, regulations, management systems, and related basic principles, so that they can apply this knowledge in their work practices to ensure safe production. Summary after the activity: Three-level safety education refers to factory-level safety training, workshop-level safety training, and post (section, team) safety training for newly recruited employees and workers; it constitutes the basic form of the safety education system in industrial enterprises. The three-level safety education system is the basic safety education system for enterprises. Level 3 safety education includes onboarding training, workshop training, and team training. Companies must provide new workers with onboarding training, workshop training, and team-level training on safe production ； Workers who are assigned to new types of work, resume work, or adopt new technologies, processes, equipment, or materials must receive safety and health training related to their new roles and operating methods. Only after passing the examination can they start working in those positions. Factory education content: (1) Explain the significance, tasks, contents, and importance of labor protection, so that new employees develop the mindset that \"safety first\" and that \"everyone is responsible for safe production.\" (2) Provide an overview of the company’s safety situation, including its history in terms of safety efforts, the characteristics of its production processes, the layout of factory equipment (with a focus on precautions regarding areas near critical sites and special equipment), as well as the organization for ensuring safe production in the factory. (3) Introduce the National Code of Conduct for Employees issued by the State Council, as well as the Labor Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Labor Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China, along with various warning signs and signaling devices installed within enterprises. (4) Introduce typical accident cases and lessons from enterprises, as well as basic knowledge on emergency response, disaster relief, and rescue operations, along with the procedures for reporting work-related accidents. Plant-level safety training is generally carried out by the company’s safety and technology department, with a duration of 4 to 16 hours. The explanation should be combined with viewing pictures and visiting the labor protection education room, and an easy-to-understand manual of regulations should be provided. Workshop education content (1) Introduction to the overview of the workshop. Such as the products manufactured in the workshop, the production processes and their characteristics; the personnel structure of the workshop, the organization of safety production and related activities; the hazardous areas in the workshop as well as the types of work involving toxic or harmful substances; the rules and regulations regarding labor protection in the workshop, along with the requirements and precautions for wearing protective equipment; the areas in the workshop where accidents occur frequently, the causes of such accidents, as well as any special regulations and safety requirements; an introduction to common accidents in the workshop and an analysis of typical accident cases; examples of good practices in ensuring safety production in the workshop; and the specific measures and requirements related to civilized production in the workshop. (2) Introduce the basic knowledge of safety technology based on the characteristics of the workshop. The characteristics of a cold working workshop include a large number of metal cutting machines, electrical equipment, lifting equipment, transport vehicles, various types of oils, many production workers, and a relatively crowded working area. Machine tools have high rotation speeds and large torque; workers need to be taught to abide by labor discipline, wear proper protective equipment, and be careful not to let their clothes or braids get caught in the machinery, which could cause injuries to their hands from the rotating cutting tools. Workers should be instructed to prevent injuries such as bruises, crushes, and cuts when clamping, inspecting, removing, and transporting workpieces, especially large ones ； Adjusting tools and fixtures, measuring the workpiece, lubricating it, and adjusting the machine speed all require the machine to be stopped ； When cleaning the car, turn off the power supply and hang a warning sign; when removing metal shavings, do not pull them by hand – use a hook instead ； The work area should be kept clean, with unobstructed pathways ； The grinding wheel should be installed properly, the accessories must meet the specified requirements; the gap between the surface of the grinding wheel and its holder should not be too large. Do not use excessive force when operating it, stand at a distance from the grinding wheel at an appropriate angle, and wear protective glasses ； For processing extremely long and tall products, safety protection measures should be in place. For other facilities such as casting, forging, and heat treatment workshops, boiler rooms, substation stations, hazardous materials warehouses, oil depots, etc., safety and technical training should be provided to new workers based on their respective characteristics. (3) Introduce fire prevention knowledge in the workshop, including the fire prevention policies, information on flammable and explosive materials in the workshop, key areas that require fire protection and special fire prevention requirements, the locations where fire-fighting equipment is stored, the performance and usage methods of fire extinguishers, the organization for fire fighting in the workshop, and how to handle fire emergencies. (4) Organize new workers to study safety production documents and safety operation procedures, and educate them to respect their mentors, follow instructions, and ensure safe production. Workshop safety training is the responsibility of the workshop supervisor or safety officers, and the training usually requires 4 to 8 class hours. Team education content: (1) The production characteristics of this team, working environment, hazardous areas, equipment condition, fire protection facilities, etc. It focuses on introducing the risk factors that may lead to accidents in situations involving high temperatures, high pressures, flammable and explosive substances, toxic and harmful materials, corrosive agents, as well as work at heights; it also outlines the areas within this team where accidents are likely to occur and provides an analysis of typical accident cases. (2) Explain the safety operation procedures and job responsibilities for this type of work, emphasizing that one must always prioritize safety in production, consciously abide by the safety operation procedures, and avoid working in violation of regulations ； Take care of and use machinery, equipment, and tools properly ； Introduces various safety activities, as well as the safety inspection procedures and shift-handover systems in the working environment. Tell new workers that if an accident occurs or a potential safety hazard is detected, it should be reported to the supervisors promptly so that measures can be taken. (3) Explain how to use labor protection equipment properly and meet the requirements for civilized production. It must be emphasized that gloves should not be worn while operating machine tools that are in motion; protective glasses are required for high-speed cutting. Female workers should wear work caps when entering the workshop, and safety helmets along with seat belts must be worn when entering construction sites or working at heights. The work area should be kept tidy, paths should be clear, and items should be stored neatly. (4) Conduct demonstrations of safe operations. The organization assigns experienced workers who prioritize safety, are skilled in technology, to demonstrate safe operating procedures. They provide explanations while demonstrating, focusing on the key points of safe operation, indicating which methods are dangerous and which are safe, as well as the serious consequences that can result from failing to follow the operating procedures. Misconception: The procedures for training are unclear. Three-level safety training should be carried out following these steps: as soon as new employees report to the HR department, the HR department should inform them to go to the safety department for factory-level safety training. After passing the assessment, an training card is filled out; based on this card, the HR department issues a assignment order to the secondary unit, which then provides plant (workshop) level training. Once again, an assessment is conducted and a training card is filled out, after which the employee is assigned to a team for team-level training. Another assessment is carried out, another training card is filled out, and finally the employee is assigned to a specific position for further training. Three-level safety training must strictly adhere to such procedures. However, some of our units fail to understand this; some employees are assigned to secondary units without receiving any factory-level training, and it is only after the security department becomes aware of this that factory-level safety training is provided, resulting in a delay in such training. The levels of education are incomplete. The so-called three-level safety education refers to safety education at the factory level, the branch plant (workshop) level, and the team level; without one of these levels, it cannot be considered three-level safety education. There is insufficient time for training. According to Article 15 of the \"Regulations on Safety Training for Production and Business Operations\" issued by Order No. 3 of the State Administration of Work Safety, new employees in production and business operations must receive at least 24 hours of pre-job training. For new employees working in coal mines, non-coal mines, **chemical industries, fireworks and firecrackers manufacturing units, etc., the safety training duration must be no less than 72 hours; they must also receive retraining for at least 20 hours per year. However, in practice, there are issues of cutting corners and severe shortages in education time. The educational content is outdated; the content of the three-level safety training should be adapted and supplemented in a targeted manner to reflect changes in the times. However, in some organizations, the teaching materials for the third-level safety training have remained unchanged for many years; they are outdated and lack relevance as well as practical educational value. When conducting safety training, it is important to ensure diversity in the content, as per standard training procedures, the factory-level safety training for new employees should last three days (24 hours). Three days provide enough time to plan the specific training content for each day, such as watching videos of the workshop floor and cases of safety accidents. The forms of education are monotonous. Three-level safety education can be carried out in various engaging ways, yet some organizations use simplistic and conventional methods (such as classroom-based instruction) for this purpose; http://c.hiphotos.baidu.com/baike/s%3D220/sign=3ac82673e924b899da3c7e3a5e071d59/6a600c338744ebf808bc684cd9f9d72a6159a7f7.jpg This directive approach to three-level safety education is boring and lacks appeal. In fact, carrying out three-level safety education can be done through methods such as visits, discussions, and lectures, combined with classroom instruction, which will yield better results. When conducting safety training, we can adopt the following methods: 1) Watching videos. These videos are from our workshop site, and they include footage of unsafe human behaviors, unsafe conditions of equipment, as well as simulations of correct operating procedures. 2) Establish a training dojo. A training dojo is essentially a laboratory for new employee training; it involves scaling down the equipment found in the workshop on a proportional basis, and then having new employees carry out simulated operations there, thereby improving their practical skills. 3) Training on safety accident cases. Gather more cases of related safety accidents. 4) Safety skit. This approach is more practical; it involves organizing employees to carry out relevant accident simulation exercises, framing these simulations in the form of skits. Through these skits, employees can understand the causes and consequences of accidents. Education is a formality. When carrying out three-level safety education, some organizations do not follow the requirements strictly; for example, some only provide training without holding exams, while others simply explain the exam questions as a mere formality, failing to fulfill their intended purpose at all. Safety is of vital importance. Third-level safety training is the first formal safety education that new employees receive upon joining the company. Therefore, we must exercise a strong sense of responsibility toward the lives of these employees, enforce strict standards, and carry out this third-level safety training thoroughly, so that they can develop a correct safety mindset from the very beginning and actively engage in safe production.