【Q&A Question 002】April 22, 2016
Thread Content
This post was last edited by liuquan1100 on 2016-4-24 10:29. [Q&A Question 002] April 22, 2016: What are the hazards of water in crude oil? The answer key will be available after responding; scoring is based on answering the key points. Water presence causes the catalyst bed to collapse, leading to significant fluctuations in the temperature and pressure of the reaction system, which in turn results in the raw material booster pump and the reaction feed pump becoming evacuated
Water content in the feed oil has a significant impact on the activity and strength of the catalyst; in severe cases, it can affect the catalyst’s service life. When water vaporizes, it absorbs a large amount of heat, which increases the thermal load on the reaction furnace. After water vaporization, the system pressure rises, leading to pressure fluctuations or even overpressure. Additionally, when the feed oil contains a high amount of water, the large amount of heat absorbed during water vaporization causes the bed temperature to drop. Once the feed oil contains little to no water, the bed temperature rises again. If the cold hydrogen valve does not function properly or there is insufficient cold hydrogen, the bed temperature may rise excessively, even to dangerous levels. Sudden temperature fluctuations can cause the catalyst to break down.
What are the hazards of water in crude oil? The main hazard is causing pressure fluctuations
1. Severe water carryover can cause tower flooding accidents, affecting product quality. 2. Water presence can cause the electrodehydrator to operate abnormally and trip. 3. Water presence increases the gas-phase load and reduces the temperature after exchange, affecting the processing load. 4. The pressure of the equipment is too high, making leaks likely to occur.
Pressure fluctuations can even affect the catalyst’s service life
What are the hazards of water in crude oil? Catalyst deactivation, feed pump cavitation, pressure fluctuations, temperature fluctuations in the reaction heating furnace
(1) The moisture in the feed oil affects the strength of the catalyst carrier; when the moisture content is too high, it may lead to a decrease in the catalyst’s surface area, as well as collapse or pulverization of the catalyst carrier, resulting in an increase in system pressure drop and loss of active components. (2) When the moisture content in the crude oil is low, it has little effect on the active metal components of the catalyst; however, when the moisture content is high, metal agglomeration occurs among these active metal components, resulting in a reduction or even loss of their catalytic activity. (3) The moisture in the feed oil also affects the system pressure drop; when the moisture content is high, the system pressure drop increases, which raises the energy consumption of the plant. In severe cases, this can cause the recycle hydrogen compressor to become overloaded and force it to shut down.
Whether it is hydrorefining or hydrocracking, hydrogenation processes have strict requirements regarding the moisture content of the feed oil. The moisture in the feed oil has a significant impact on both the catalysts and the system pressure drop, as reflected in the following aspects: (1) The moisture in the feed oil affects the strength of the catalyst carrier; when the moisture content is too high, it can lead to a decrease in the catalyst’s surface area, as well as damage or pulverization of the catalyst carrier, resulting in an increase in system pressure drop and a loss of active components. (2) At low levels, the moisture in the feed oil has little effect on the active metal components of the catalysts; however, at higher levels, it causes agglomeration of these metal components, thereby reducing or even eliminating their catalytic activity. (3) Moisture in the feed oil also affects the system pressure drop; high moisture levels increase this pressure drop, raising the energy consumption of the facility. In severe cases, it can cause the recycle hydrogen compressor to become overloaded and force it to shut down.
Water in the feed oil has a significant impact on the activity and strength of the catalyst; in severe cases, it can affect the catalyst’s service life. When water vaporizes, it absorbs a large amount of heat, which increases the thermal load on the reactor F-4101. After water vaporizes, the system pressure rises, leading to pressure fluctuations or even overpressure. Additionally, when there is a high amount of water in the feed oil, the large amount of heat absorbed during water vaporization causes the bed temperature to drop. Once the feed oil contains little or no water, the bed temperature rises again. If the cold hydrogen valve does not function properly or there is insufficient cold hydrogen, the bed temperature may rise excessively, even to dangerous levels. Sudden temperature fluctuations can cause the catalyst to break down.