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bg7.png Summer has arrived, and the temperatures keep rising. According to statistics from the public security and fire departments, among summer fires, electrical faults, vehicles, illegal use of open flames, chemical hazards, and spontaneous combustion of materials rank among the top five causes of such fires. In summer, due to the hot weather, the average temperature exceeds 30 degrees Celsius; outdoor temperatures can sometimes reach 40–50 degrees Celsius. The average duration of daylight increases, and the intensity of direct sunlight is high. If flammable and explosive materials are used or stored improperly, fires can easily break out. Among the numerous summer fires, five major types – electrical fires, car fires, fires caused by illegal use of open flames, fires involving chemical hazards, and spontaneous combustion fires – account for more than half of all fires, making them the main threats to fire safety. I. Electrical fires. With the arrival of hot weather, there is a significant increase in the use of electrical devices such as air conditioners, refrigerators, and electric fans. This leads to overloading of the electrical circuits; damaged insulation can cause short circuits and sparks, while water ingress into the motors of these appliances can reduce their insulation strength, resulting in short circuits that can burn out the motors and cause fires. II. Car fires. Ageing of the car’s power wiring can lead to short circuits; overloading the car causes the engine temperature to rise. Coupled with hot weather and inadequate engine ventilation, this can easily result in the car catching fire on its own. III. Fires caused by illegal hot work. In summer, when temperatures are high, volatile flammable and explosive substances (such as gasoline, alcohol, etc.) evaporate more rapidly. In the locations where these items are stored and used, failure to follow the rules regarding the use of fire and electricity can easily lead to serious accidents. IV. Fires involving chemical hazards that catch fire on contact with heat or moisture. In summer, surface temperatures can sometimes reach around 40°C. Under such hot conditions, even the slightest carelessness in the production, transportation, and storage of chemical hazards can lead to fires. V. Spontaneous combustion fires of materials. In addition to the materials that are prone to spontaneous combustion such as straw, coal piles, and cotton bales that we have often discussed in the past, these include oily fibers, waste plastics, *ao acid and fertilizers, fish meal, and agricultural products. When these substances are stored, if they are piled up for too long in poor ventilation, they will undergo changes that generate heat, causing the temperature to rise gradually. Water-repelling substances include quicklime, anhydrous aluminum oxide, alkali peroxides, chlorosulfonic acid, etc. When these substances come into contact with water or moisture in the air, they release large amounts of flammable gases, which mix with air to form explosive mixtures.